Increasing or broadening the thermal conductivity path by constructing a thermal conductivity network is one of the common ways to prepare high thermal conductivity composites. The interlacing or orientation of copper nanowires with one-dimensional structure can be connected into a network structure, which greatly improves the heat dissipation performance of composites. In this paper, three preparation methods of copper nanowires were introduced: Template electrodeposition method, liquid phase reduction method, and direct impregnation method. The vertically oriented and network structure copper nanowires were prepared by different methods with high thermal conductivity, which can significantly improve the thermal conductivity of the materials as thermal conductive fillers. Six preparation methods of copper nanowire composites were introduced: Physical blending method, freeze-drying method, magnetic field orientation method, hot pressing method, solution casting method, and vacuum filtration method. The principles of each method wereintroduced, the influencing factors of thermal conductivity of various composite molding methods were analyzed, the different preparation methods were summarized, and the thermal conductivity properties of different preparation methods were summarized. Finally, the thermally conductive composites filled with copper nanowires were summarized and prospected.

Polyglycolic acid (PGA) has excellent degradation performance and mechanical strength, but its poor toughness limits its further application to some extent. In order to fully utilize the excellent degradation performance and mechanical strength of PGA, and to improve its toughness and processing performance, a copolymer of poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone) copolyesters (PGACL) was prepared through the ring-opening polymerization of glycolide and ε-caprolactone, starting from the molecular chain structure. The properties of PGACL were further regulated by the chain extender 1,4-butanediol glycidyl ether (BDE). By determining the optimal amount of initiator, the effects of the content of glycolide and chain extender on the mechanical properties, thermal properties, and degradation performance of copolyesters were studied. The results showed that increasing the glycolide content significantly enhanced the thermal properties, crystallinity, and mechanical strength of the copolyester. The introduction of the chain extender greatly improved the toughness of PGACL, while the synthesized PGACL copolymer maintained good degradability.

Carbon-based materials have large specific surface area, well-developed pores, and a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface, which have excellent mechanical properties. Introducing carbon-based materials into the hydrogel system can increase adsorption sites, improve mechanical properties, enrich network structure, realize complementary advantages, and overcome performance defects, which is the main idea for developing high-performance hydrogel adsorbents. In this paper, the structural characteristics of different types of carbon based composite hydrogels were summarized, and the mechanism of carbon based materials to enhance the performance of hydrogels was emphatically introduced. The preparation methods of composite hydrogels and their applications in the field of water purification were reviewed. The prospects, limitations and future research potential of carbon based composite hydrogels adsorbents were analyzed.

Polyether polyols with molecular weights of 12 000 g/mol and 18 000 g/mol were synthesized with propylene glycol as starting agent and bimetallic cyanide complex (DMC) as catalyst. The structure of the product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Ultra high molecular weight polyether polyols have the characteristics of narrow molecular weight distribution and low unsaturation. The effects of initiator moisture content, feed rate, polymerization temperature and stirring speed on polymerization activity and product indexes were discussed. When the water content of propylene glycol initiator is \le 0.06%, the PO feed rate is 220~250 g/h, the polymerization temperature is controlled between 130~135 ℃, and the catalyst concentration is 30 mg/kg, the product quality can be ensured. Silane modified polyether resin (MS resin) was synthesized from the prepared ultra high molecular weight polyether polyol and MS glue was prepared. The results show that MS resin has moderate viscosity and excellent properties.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the most widely used halogen-containing plastic, presents challenges in terms of the emission of dangerous gases like chlorinated hydrocarbons and dioxins during the recycling process, as well as damage to equipment and pipelines. Pyrolysis technology has the potential to both dechlorinate PVC-containing waste plastics for safe disposal and transform waste into valuable chemicals and fuels, thereby enhancing product yield and quality. Pyrolysis technology is one of the promising industrial technologies for waste plastic treatment. The paper focuses on the research progress of pyrolysis dechlorination technology at home and abroad. It comprehensively sorts out the dechlorination mechanisms of different technologies, including stepwise pyrolysis, adsorption pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis, co-pyrolysis, and combined pyrolysis. Additionally, it summarises various factors that affect the dechlorination effect of pyrolysis, such as the types and modes of action of additives, placement modes, and types of admixtures. It analyses the advantages and disadvantages of each technology and its industrial application prospects to provide a reference for the industrialisation of dechlorination and recycling of waste plastics.

Phenolic resin is modified to improve its defect of poor acid resistance in high temperature environment. Under the condition of alkaline catalyst, furfural, phenol and formaldehyde were subjected to co-polycondensation reaction to produce thermosetting furfural-phenol-formaldehyde co-polymerization resin (FPF). P-toluenesulfonic acid was selected as the curing agent for curing the synthesized FPF, and the FPF curing compounds were prepared. The effects of synthesis conditions on FPF viscosity, solid content, and high-temperature and strong-acid resistance of FPF cured products were investigated. The results showed that when the reaction temperature was 95 ℃, the amount of catalyst was 6% of the mass of phenol, and the replacement rate of furfural to formaldehyde was 15%, the viscosity of FPF was 1 200 mPa∙s, and the solid content was 87.7%. Thermal weight loss test of FPF cured material showed that its maximum decomposition rate was 2.883%/min in the rapid decomposition stage, which was 33.1% lower than the decomposition rate of conventional phenolic resin (PF). The mass retention of FPF cures treated with high temperature and strong acid environment was 96.56%, which was 6.44% higher compared to the mass retention of PF cures. Furfural as a substitute for part of the formaldehyde to modify phenolic resins has improved acid resistance and thermal stability, and the modified phenolic resins can be applied in environments with strong acids and high temperatures.

The high-dose ultraviolet (UV) aging test of high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites modified by different contents of compound light stabilizer was tested by UV aging test chamber with UV irradiation intensity of 500 W/m². Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) test showed that the carbonyl index was positively correlated with the aging degree of HDPE. The aging rate of HDPE was significantly reduced by the addition of ultraviolet additives. The molecular weight of modified HDPE was analyzed by rotating rheology, which could found that the crosslinking reaction rate of HDPE was inhibited more with the increase of ultraviolet additives in the early aging period. Combined with the above analysis and mechanical test results, it was found that when the modified HDPE material needed to withstand the total ultraviolet irradiation of 200 kWh/m², the modified HDPE material could maintain good properties by only adding 1.2 phr compound light stabilizer in 100 phr matrix. The retention rates of elongation at break, tensile strength and notch impact strength were 57.7%, 63.8% and 105.0%, respectively.

To investigate the synergistic effects during the pyrolysis process of waste plastics in municipal solid waste, a TG-FTIR-MS coupling analysis method was utilized to systematically study the thermogravimetric behavior, functional group changes, and gaseous product characteristics during the pyrolysis of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), and their co-pyrolysis. On this basis, the differences in pyrolysis characteristics between pure PVC and PVC/PS mixtures were analyzed, along with the reasons for these differences. The results showed that the main gaseous products of PVC pyrolysis were hydrogen chloride (HCl) and small amounts of chlorinated hydrocarbons. In the PS pyrolysis process, the main reactions were depolymerization into styrene monomers and a small amount of random chain scission. There was a strong synergistic effect during the co-pyrolysis of PVC and PS, which could be divided into two stages. In the first stage (235~326 ℃), the primary products were HCl and chlorinated hydrocarbons, while in the second stage (326~516 ℃), the main products were alkanes, olefins, and small amounts of aromatic compounds. Therefore, dechlorination treatment could be carried out within the temperature range of 235~326 ℃. Compared with the pyrolysis of pure PVC, chlorine release was inhibited during the co-pyrolysis of PVC and PS, resulting in reduced HCl production and increased chlorine content in the solid products. The findings can provide support for the development of municipal solid waste pyrolysis technology.

A new spectroscopic method for the determination of microplastics based on the principle of dye-gain absorption has the advantages of simplicity, rapidity, high sensitivity and selective detection of micro-nano fragments. Different particle sizes and types of plastics were used as test materials, and the results showed good gain absorbance. The applicability of the method showed that for the microplastic particles and fiber mixtures with the particles larger than 1 μm, the concentration could be determined by staining, centrifugation, and then taking a quantitative solution on a hemocyte counting plate by microfluorescence counting. For the nanoplastics with the particles lower than 1 μm, the spectrophotometric method can be employed for measurement by utilizing the linear relationship between the concentration of the suspended phase after staining and its absorbance. The method was applied to actual water samples from a wastewater treatment plant, and the results showed that the spiked recoveries of the actual samples ranged from 99.00% to 107.00%, and the detection limit of the method was up to 1.53 mg/L.The present study will provide a convenient method for the quantitative detection of micro-nano plastics in the environment, which has good applicability and wide application prospects.

After altering ground tire rubber(GTR) with formic acid and hydrogen peroxide, the epoxidation product (EGTR) was produced. The poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/EGTR blends were then made using the melt blending method, and their micro-morphology, crystalline behavior, and mechanical properties were all carefully examined. The results showed that the carbon-carbon double bond on the GTR molecular chain was successfully oxidized to an epoxy group by formic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The EGTR particles were evenly distributed throughout the PLA matrix, demonstrating good compatibility between the two phases. Furthermore, low levels of EGTR promote PLA crystallization, while high levels of EGTR inhibit PLA crystallization. The PLA/5% EGTR blends had the highest crystallinity of 11.1%, which was 4.8 times higher than that of pure PLA. The blends tensile strength declined as the EGTR content increased, while the impact strength and elongation at break showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing. When 10% EGTR was added, the blends had the maximum elongation at break and impact strength, with good toughening effect and tensile strength, showing the best overall mechanical properties. The study provides a basis and technical foundation for modifying PLA with GTR as a toughening material and promotes the recycling of waste rubber.

A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method was established for the simultaneous determination of the specific migration amounts of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di(2-ethylhexyl) isophthalate (dioctyl isophthalate, DOIP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (dioctyl terephthal, DOTP) in plastic food contact material and products. 1.00 mL of the well-mixed 10% ethanol, 3% acetic acid, 4% acetic acid, 20% ethanol and 50% ethanol or isooctane soaking solution sample of plastic food contact material products was accurately pipetted into a 10 mL volumetric flask, the volumetric flask was made up to the mark with isopropanol and mixed well, and then the solution of the volumetric flask was passed through a needle filter membrane into an injection vial for testing. Using methanol and 0.1% formic acid water as mobile phases, the baseline separations of DEHP, DOIP and DOTP were achieved in a C₁₈ column within 16 minutes, and the tandem mass spectrometry was operated in ESI and MRM modes. In the food simulant soaking solutions of 10% ethanol, 4% acetic acid, 50% ethanol or isooctane of polypropylene (PP) plastic cups, the recovery rates of DEHP, DOIP and DOTP at three spiking levels were ranged from 83.8% to 113.0%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 1.4% to 8.3%. The linearities of DEHP, DOIP and DOTP were good with R≥0.999 4 in the concentration range of 0.010~0.200, 0.100~2.000, 0.500~10.000 µg/L respectively, and the quantitative limits of DEHP, DOIP and DOTP were 0.020, 0.300, 1.300 mg/kg respectively. The method is fast, simple and accurate, and the quantitative limits also meet the requirements of standards and regulations. It can effectively avoid the confusing errors in detection results caused by incomplete chromatographic separation of isomers with different limits and similar mass spectrometry confirmation ion pairs. It has been applied in the detection of DEHP, DOIP and DOTP in actual samples.

In order to prepare high-performance high damping composites, high damping petroleum resin C5/CIIR composites were prepared by blending petroleum resin C5 with chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR), and the mechanical and damping properties of the composites were studied. The results show that with the increase of C5 content, the tensile strength of the composites gradually decreases, while the elongation at break gradually increases, and the compression permanent deformation continuously increases. Moreover, the content of petroleum resin C5 in high damping rubber composites should not exceed 40%. The addition of petroleum resin C5 improves the damping performance of composites. When the content of petroleum resin C5 accounts for 30% of the CIIR mass, a high damping petroleum resin C5/CIIR composites with good comprehensive performance can be prepared. Compared with the material without petroleum resin C5, although the tensile strength of the composites is reduced and the compression permanent deformation is increased, it still meets the relevant standard requirements. The elongation at break of composite materials is increased by 54.6%, and the enclosed area of loss factor-temperature curve (A _T) is increased by 14.0%.

In order to elucidate the effect of chain structure characteristics on the surface roughening and bulk properties of biaxially oriented polypropylene films (BOPP). The crystallization behavior and homogeneous polycrystallinity of three polypropylene (PP) granules with different chain structures were compared. The porosity, roughness, tensile mechanics, thermal shrinkage, dielectric properties and electrical breakdown field strength of BOPP films at different temperatures were tested. The results show that the chain structure with low tacticity (96.2%) and wide molecular weight distribution (5.35) is conducive to the formation of β crystals and uniform spherulite morphology, ensuring the ideal roughening morphology. Although the roughening form of BOPP film prepared by high-tacticity (97.4%) and narrow-distribut (4.34) granules is not optimal, the porosity is 9% and the surface roughness is 0.42 μm, which can meet the requirements of the capacitive film industry standard. Compared with the control films, the transverse tensile strength is 269 MPa, the transverse elastic modulus is 3 692 MPa, and the breakdown field strengths are 668 V/m (25 ℃) and 518 V/m (125 ℃). Appropriate adjustment of the PP chain structure can take into account the surface roughening and bulk performance, and provide useful inspiration for the design and development of high-performance roughening film for oil-immersed AC capacitors.

The pyrolysis kinetics of silicone rubber insulators (SiR) in nitrogen (N₂) and air environments were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Three transformation models, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Friedman (FR) methods, were applied to calculate activation energy and pre-exponential factors. The average activation energies of FWO, KAS, and FR methods under N₂ atmosphereare were 421.46, 431.60, 433.98 kJ/mol, respectively. The pre-exponential factor ranged from 10⁹ to 10¹⁶, which illustrated that the pyrolysis was independent of surface area. Under the air atmosphere, the average activation energies of FWO, KAS, and FR methods were 127.21, 120.93, 123.38 kJ/mol, respectively. The value of pre-exponential factor ranged from 10⁸ to 10⁹, and pyrolysis was controlled by surface area. The thermodynamic properties of the reaction under N₂ atmosphere, such as enthalpy changes (ΔH), Gibbs free energy (ΔG) and entropy change (ΔS) were much higher than that under air atmosphere, confirming the complexity of the reaction in N₂. The results of the study contribute to a deeper understanding of the combustion mechanism of SiR and provide a reference for its feasibility as a more effective high-temperature resistant material.

In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by plastic waste, research is being conducted on the photocatalytic degradation and recycling of plastics, utilizing the degradation mechanism of solar photoinitiation and photocatalysis to convert plastics into water and carbon dioxide, or further into hydrogen fuel and high-value chemicals. The article introduces the effects of catalyst characteristics, plastics, and degradation conditions on photocatalytic degradation, summarizes the applications of different types of inorganic metal, non-metal materials, and organic-inorganic composite photocatalysts in photocatalytic degradation and recycling, and aims to improve photocatalytic efficiency through catalyst modification and synergistic effects with electrocatalysis, thermocatalysis, and biocatalysis. The article points out the problems in the pre-treatment and post-treatment of photocatalytic degradation plastic recycling technology, providing a reliable basis and research direction for the recycling and treatment of waste plastics.

In this study, the structure and properties of two surface-roughened films of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) before and after oil immersion were investigated. The roughening morphology of BOPP was characterized by optical microscopy, the crystal structure and crystallographic behavior were inspected by DSC and WAXD, and the orientation structure was evaluated by polarized infrared technology. The tensile mechanics, thermal oxidation stability and breakdown strength of the films were tested. The results show that the crystal structure of BOPP films prepared by two kinds of polypropylene with different chain characteristics does not change significantly before and after oil immersion. The orientation parameters θ _j and f_j suggest that the orientation of the amorphous chains is decreased by oil immersion. In addition, the oil immersion improved the breakdown strength of the film. For example, the breakdown strengths of the high tacticity and narrow distribution films are 737 V/μm (before oil immersion) and 863 V/μm (after oil immersion). These results indicate that soaking in the insulating oil medium for a long time, the orientation relaxation in the amorphous region can eliminate the structural defects caused by internal stress and increase the breakdown strength of BOPP films.

The non-isothermal crystallization behavior and kinetics of PBAT, PBAT/talc powder composites was studied by differential scanning calorimentry combined with the Avrami equation. The modified Avrami theories of Jeziorny and Mo's method were used to analyze the data. The activation energy of non-isothermal crystallization of PBAT and PBAT/talc powder composites were calculated by Kissinger's method. The results showed that proper talc powder had the effect of heterogeneous nucleation in crystallization, increased the crystallization temperature and crystallization rate of PBAT, and decreased the grain size. When the mass fraction of talc powder were 20%, the crystallization rate and absolute value of non-isothermal crystallization activation energy reached the highest value. However, when the talc content is too high, the melt viscosity of the composites increases significantly, the movement of the PBAT molecular chain is blocked, and the speed of regular and orderly arrangement decreases, resulting in a decrease in the crystallization rate and the absolute value of non-isothermal crystallization activation energy.

Light curing 3D printing technology has become an emerging technology in the manufacturing industry because of its high precision, rapid prototyping, and complex parts can be formed. Photosensitive resin is the main consumable of light curing 3D printing technology, and its mechanical properties, heat resistance, precision and strength are not ideal enough to meet the needs of industrial production. In order to obtain the photosensitive resin with high mechanical strength and function, it must be modified. In this paper, the modification of photosensitive resin for photocuring 3D printing is introduced. Starting with the principle of SLA photocuring rapid prototyping technology, the various components of photosensitive resin are introduced, and the modification of photosensitive resin is shown from the two aspects of reaction type and addition type. Finally, the development trend of photosensitive resin is prospected. It is pointed out that in the future, on the basis of perfecting the existing photosensitive resin materials, more new materials for 3D printing will be developed, resin formula will be expanded, and more in-depth research will be carried out on the modification of photosensitive resins, so as to develop more high-performance, higher-strength, and greener resin systems.

Polypropylene (PP) is a widely used material with excellent properties. The mechanical strength, thermal stability, wettability, and anti-aging properties of PP can be further improved, especially for secondary recycled PP. Therefore, the study aimed to improve the properties of PP by waste PP and preparing talc-filled PP blends via a simple melt plasticization and re-cooling process. Through the addition of talc, hydrogen bonds were formed between the —OH groups in talc and the —CH₃ groups on the PP carbon chain, resulting in a significant improvement in mechanical properties compared to virgin PP. The addition of 10% talc increased the fracture energy of the blends by nearly 142%. Therefore, the addition of talc in the secondary recycling of PP can effectively improve the performance of PP blends and enhance their sustainability in practical applications.

Transparent polypropylene products usually have poor low-temperature resistance impact performance, and the application scope is greatly limited. The high impact strength transparent polypropylene RC-20M is also combined with the advantages of random transparent polypropylene and impact resistant copolymer polypropylene, which has the characteristics of excellent low temperature resistance, high transparency, and strong sealing. This article adopts a variety of analysis and test methods, and evaluates the basic performance and micro-structures of high impact strength transparent polypropylene RC-20M products. By optimizing the injection molding process, the influence of the injection molding process on the mechanical and optical properties of the product was investigated. The results show that RC-20M products have a high crystallization, the crystallization rate is fast, and has a good crystallization ability, which is conducive to shortening the molding cycle and improving the size stability of the product. The small particle size and high degree of homogeneity of the rubber phase of the product are the main reasons for the excellent impact resistance and optical properties of the product. The optical properties and impact resistance performance of the product are improved under the injection molding process of low melting temperature, short holding time, low glue speed, low glue pressure, and low injection speed.

Silane coupling agent can not only improve the water resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating, but also improve the compatibility between the filler and the matrix resin. Water-borne damping coatings were prepared by introducing hexyltrimethoxysilane (HTMS) into a homemade dangling chain water-borne polyurethane-acrylic resin (DC-500-WPUA) system and adding sericite, thickener, and defoamer. The effects of silane coupling agent on coating properties were studied by changing the amount of HTMS added. Rheological analysis shows that the coating is pseudoplastic fluid. The introduction of HTMS can effectively improve the yield value of the coating, and the maximum yield value is 5.67 Pa, indicating that the coating has excellent resistance to current hanging. The introduction of HTMS increased the interaction between sericite and base resin, thus improving the heat resistance, adhesion, pencil hardness, and acid and alkali resistance of the film. The effective damping temperature range of sample 4 is as high as 125.88 ℃ (-31.21~94.67 ℃), and the surface water contact angle is up to 122°, indicating that the film has excellent damping properties and water resistance.

With the continuous growth in demand for plastic consumer goods, the "white pollution" problem is becoming increasingly severe. Therefore, the recycling and utilization of waste plastics hold significant importance for achieving the harmlessness and resourcefulness of waste plastics. The article investigates the indispensable catalysts in the catalytic pyrolysis technology for plastic treatment, introduces the classification of catalytic pyrolysis catalysts, and summarizes the research progress of catalytic pyrolysis catalysts from aspects such as zeolite catalysts, fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts, silica-alumina catalysts, clay catalysts, and metal-loaded catalysts. It analyzes the advantages and influencing factors of catalytic pyrolysis catalysts. Catalysts enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of resource recovery in the pyrolysis process of waste plastics by reducing reaction temperatures and improving product selectivity, achieving efficient utilization of waste plastics and avoiding resource waste.

In order to study the processing performance of microphase separated polypropylene thermoplastic elastomer (MS-PTPE), the paper mainly investigates and explores the effects of polypropylene (PP) molecular weight, rubber plastic ratio, two rubber ratios, initiator and bridging agent dosage on the rheological properties of the melt. The results showed that the melt flow rate (MFR) of MS-PTPE samples gradually decreased with the increase of molecular weight of PP. As the rubber content increases, the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) gradually decreases. When the total content of the two types of rubber is constant, the MFR gradually decreases with the increase of butadiene styrene rubber content. As the amount of initiator increases, MFR rate of MS-PTPE samples gradually decreases. When the amount of initiator is 2.28 phr, MFR slightly increases. As the amount of bridging agent increases, the MFR of the sample gradually decreases. Under the shear flow conditions of this study, the melt of MS-PTPE sample exhibits a flow pattern of pseudo plastic fluid. The relationship between apparent viscosity (η _a) and shear rate ( \dot{\gamma }) and temperature (t) of MS-PTPE sample melt is more intuitive and realistic by the equation η _a＝A＋kt.

Based on the integral equations of internal strain fields in elastic bodies containing inclusions, the deformation coordination tensor of inclusions in three-phase composites is derived. Compared with the traditional Mori-Tanaka method (M-T method), the deformation coordination tensor takes into account the distribution characteristics and interactions of inclusions from the perspective of micromechanics, leading to a modified M-T method for predicting the effective elastic properties of composites. Combining with the two-step homogenization model, a method for predicting the effective performance of hybrid fiber composites is derived. Additionally, a prediction model for the tensile strength of hybrid fiber composites is established based on the damage mechanics theory. This method is used to predict the effective elastic properties and tensile strength for coconut husk fiber/glass fiber reinforced phenolic resin composites reported in the literature, and compared the predicted results with experimental data. The results show that the proposed modified M-T method has better predictive ability than the traditional M-T method, with the predicted results and experimental data differing by less than 10.485%. The method is used to quantitatively analyze the effect of the content of coconut husk fiber and glass fiber on the effective elastic properties and tensile strength of hybrid fiber composites. The results show that the effective elastic properties and tensile strength of hybrid fiber composites increase with the increase of glass fiber content.

Crosslinking modification is one of the important methods of polyethylene modification. The effects of crosslinking degree and resin structure on rheological properties, crosslinking properties, crystallization properties and mechanical properties of crosslinked high density polyethylene (XHDPE) were studied. The results show that when the mass fraction of crosslinking agent increases from 0 to 1.2%, the maximum energy storage modulus (G'_max) and gel content of XHDPE increase, and the minimum value of loss factor (tanδ _min) decreases gradually. With the increase of the content of crosslinking agent, the crystallinity and grain size of XHDPE decreases, and the crystallization capacity decreases. After the addition of crosslinking agent, the tensile yield strength of XHDPE decreases gradually, the elongation at break increases first and then decreases, and the impact strength increases significantly. With the same content of crosslinking agent, the energy storage modulus of XHDPE and the viscoelasticity of macromolecular network increase gradually with the increase of molecular weight of base resin. When the elongation at break of high molecular weight HDPE reaches the maximum, the content of crosslinking agent required is lower. High molecular weight HDPE base resin is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of crosslinked samples.

Surface modified sponge has gained significant attention as an adsorption material, due to its flexible design, high porosity and superior adsorption capacity. The latest research achievements and trends of surface modified sponges for oil-water separation, adsorption of heavy metals and dyes in recent years are reviewed from the perspective of surface modification strategies and improved properties. The current bottleneck issues in research on surface modified sponges are pointed out. The studies show that the hydrophobic/oleophobic modification on sponge surface successfully leads to oil-water separation. The grafted functional groups onto the modified sponge surface can implement the adsorption of heavy metal ions through chelation and electrostatic interaction. The effects between the introduced groups on the sponge surface and the dye molecules are the important factors for the realization of dye adsorption, including charge attraction, π-π interaction and hydrogen bond. The future research on surface-modified sponges will be directed toward multifunctionality and intelligence.

Graphene/carbon fiber composite laminates were prepared by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process. The effects of different structural forms of graphene with different mass fractions on the tensile properties of carbon fiber composite laminates were investigated. First, the graphene monolayer and multilayer graphene were distributed evenly into epoxy resin by ultrasonic dispersion. Then, single-layer and multilayer graphene/carbon fiber composite laminates were prepared by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process. Finally, tensile testing machine was used to test the tensile properties of composite laminates. The results show that when the mass fraction of graphene is 0.03%~0.10%, the tensile properties of the specimens are gradually improved with the increase of the mass fraction of graphene. When the mass fraction of multilayer graphene is 0.03%~0.10%, the tensile properties of the specimens gradually decrease with the increase of the mass fraction of multilayer graphene.

Polycarbonate (PC)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) alloy has good fluidity and processability, and is widely used. In order to further enhance the performance of PC/ABS alloy and expand its application fields, it is usually necessary to add compatibilizers to reduce the interfacial tension between phases, thereby decreasing the particle size of the dispersed phase. The article summarizes the current research status of PC/ABS alloy and the main functions of compatibilizers, reviews two common classification methods of compatibilizers for PC/ABS blends, as well as the effects of compatibilizer addition on the mechanical and flame-retardant properties of PC/ABS alloy, and also looks forward to its application prospects and development directions.

In order to develop a high viscosity modified asphalt for drainage pavement, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), rubber powder and sulfur powder were combined to prepare a high viscosity modified asphalt (HVMA-4), and three common high viscosity modified asphalt were compared as control group. Zero shear viscosity test, dynamic rheological test and bending rheological test were used to evaluate the viscosity, high temperature and low temperature properties of the HVMA-4 composite modified asphalt and the control group, respectively. The structure and microstructure of the composite modified asphalt were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that HVMA-4 had the best high-temperature rheological properties, with 93.9%, 82.1% and 68.8% improvement at 68 ℃ over HVMA-1, HVMA-2, and HVMA-3, respectively. HVMA-4 showed more outstanding rutting resistance, low temperature cracking resistance and permanent deformation resistance. The microscopic results showed that the three modifiers were uniformly distributed in asphalt and form a three-dimensional network structure. The formation of HVAM-4 had both physical and chemical changes, and the intermolecular stability of asphalt was improved.

In this study, ZnS/PVDF composite membrane materials were prepared by blending and modifying a certain amount of Zinc sulfide (ZnS) photocatalyst on a hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, and their hydrophilicity, catalytic activity and catalytic mechanism were discussed. The results showed that the composite membrane material with 6% mass fraction of ZnS (ZnS/PVDF-3) had the best performance in terms of hydrophilicity, permeability, separation performance and anti-fouling performance, and its pure water flux could reach 302.5 L/(m²‧h), and the rejection rate of bovine serum protein (BSA) could reach 92.5%. In terms of anti-fouling performance, ZnS/PVDF-3 is able to achieve a flux recovery rate of 70.6%. In the photocatalytic degradation performance test, compared with pure PVDF membranes, ZnS/PVDF-3 can also maintain excellent degradation effects, with degradation rates of 90.2% and 91.1% for methyl orange and Congo red dyes, respectively. In the durability test, the ZnS/PVDF-3 showed excellent cycle catalytic effect and acid and alkali resistance, and the degradation rate of more than 75% could be maintained after five cycles or under the condition of solution pH value of 2~14. The study indicates that ZnS/PVDF composite membrane material can be widely used in degrading dye wastewater.

Nano-montmorillonite/polylactic acid/polybutylene adipate terephthalate(MMT/PLA/PBAT) composites were prepared by torque rheometer. The influence of MMT content on the mechanical properties, water vapor barrier properties, crystallization behavior, and rheological behavior of PLA/PBAT composites were investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of MMT enhanced the elastic modulus of PLA/PBAT materials, with a slight decrease in tensile strength and elongation at break. The addition of MMT significantly improved the water vapor barrier performance of PLA/PBAT films, the water vapor transmittance decreased by 43.7% when the MMT mass fraction was 8%. Thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the incorporation of MMT elevated the crystallisation temperature and crystallinity of PBAT, thereby indicating that MMT acted as a nucleating agent for PBAT. Rheological behavior studies showed that MMT formed a network in PLA/PBAT matrix which can improve the melt strength. The study provided references for the development of high-performance PLA/PBAT films with enhanced water vapor barrier properties.

Na-GMMT/TPS pellets (TPS for short) were prepared with sodium montmorillonite as filler. TPS was blended with PBAT in different proportions, and TPS-PBAT composites were prepared by twin-screw extruder. The structure and properties of TPS-PBAT composites were characterized by universal material testing machine, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that when TPS is used as matrix, the tensile strength of the composites can be greatly improved while maintaining good elongation at break. The elongation at break of TPS-PBAT-4 composites is 233.3% and the tensile strength is 18.9 MPa. With the increase of TPS content, the diffraction peaks of the composites gradually flatten, indicating that the addition of TPS reduces the crystallinity of the composites. The addition of TPS improves the thermal stability of corn starch and PBAT. When PBAT is used as matrix, the compatibility between TPS and PBAT is poor. When TPS is used as matrix, there is no obvious boundary between TPS and PBAT, and it shows better compatibility.

Waterborne antioxidant is a necessary additive in the flocculation stage of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin production process, which can improve the thermal oxidative aging of ABS resin. The addition process and flocculation process of waterborne antioxidant have an important influence on the performance of ABS resin. ABS graft copolymer latex with a core-shell ratio of 60∶40 was prepared by emulsion graft polymerization. The effects of temperature of waterborne antioxidant and flocculant composition on thermal oxidative aging properties of ABS graft copolymer were studied. ABS resin was prepared using melt blending technology. The effects of temperature of waterborne antioxidant and flocculant composition on mechanical properties and apparent properties of ABS resin were investigated. The results show that the ABS graft copolymer has better thermal oxidative aging properties when the temperature of waterborne antioxidant is higher than 60 ℃. The oxidation induction period of ABS graft copolymer prepared using sulfuric acid flocculant is longer than that prepared using magnesium sulfate flocculant. The addition temperature of antioxidant and the composition of flocculant have no effect on the mechanical properties of ABS resin, but have an obvious effect on its apparent properties such as whiteness and yellow index.

To alleviate the problem of white pollution caused by non-biodegradable plastic waste, the development of biodegradable plastics as a partial substitute for non-biodegradable plastics is a hot research topic. The article provides an overview of biodegradable plastics, introduces the characteristics and research progress of petrochemical-based biodegradable plastics and bio-based biodegradable plastics. It also summarizes their applications in medicine and healthcare, packaging, and agricultural mulch films. It is pointed out that the current development of biodegradable plastics is significantly constrained by limitations in cost and performance, such as barrier properties, mechanical properties, and thermal resistance. However, the optimization of processing techniques and selecting suitable additives can enhance the overall performance of biodegradable plastics. Future research should ensure the performance of biodegradable materials and reduce their production costs.

Functionalized graphene modified by silane coupling agents was added to phenolic resin to prepare phenolic resin composites, and the effects on the flame retardancy, thermal properties, and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The results showed that the phenolic resin composite with a 30% mass fraction of functionalized graphene had a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 46.6% and an UL-94 rating of V-0. The tensile strength and flexural strength of the material were increased by 34.42% and 13.27% respectively compared with pure phenolic resin. At the same time, the thermal stability was also effectively enhanced.

The rotating disc of the disc-screw microinjection molding machine determines its plasticizing performance, but the structural design of the rotating disc often depends on designer's experience and lacks theoretical basis. In this study, the multiphysics coupling finite element model of the plasticizing unit with a rotating disc was established, and the rotating discs with different structural parameters were simulated under the same process parameters, aiming at plasticizing performance to obtain the optimal structure of the rotating disc. Furthermore, the new rotating disc optimized for rapid processing by metal 3D printing was used for experimental verification. Polypropylene (PP), polylactic acid (PLA) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were respectively used for injection mass repeatability experiments, tensile experiments and thermodynamic properties experiments. The experimental results were analyzed to verify that the new rotating disc had better plasticizing properties. The results show that the multiphysical field simulation can provide quantitative analysis basis for the optimal design of the rotating disc structure of the disc-screw microinjection molding machine, and the metal 3D printing can provide technical means for the rapid development of the rotating disc.

The performance stability of automotive nylon 12 (PA12) tube under typical working conditions is very important for the reliability of automotive tube. The paper aims to explore the influence factors of temperature and humidity conditions on the dimensional characteristics and mechanical properties of PA12 tube. After gradient time treatment of four kinds of PA12 tubes under six different temperature and humidity conditions, a series of mechanical properties tests were carried out, and the effects of temperature and humidity and treatment time on the length, diameter change rate and tensile strength of four kinds of PA12 tubes were analyzed. The results show that higher temperature and humidity and longer treatment time will lead to greater dimensional change, and the dimensional change rate of PA12 five-layer tube is significantly lower than that of single-layer tube and double-layer tube. With the increase of temperature and humidity and the extension of treatment time, the tensile strength of the five-layer tube showed a decreasing trend, and the change of tensile strength of the five-layer tube was stable. The influence of temperature on the tensile properties of PA12 tube is lower than that of humidity. The research results provide a reference for the application of PA12 material in automotive industry.

The frost resistance of geopolymer rubberized concrete (GPRC) with 0, 5%, 10%, and 15% of mass fraction of rubber content was investigated through mechanical property tests and freeze-thaw cycle tests. The optimal rubber content for the best frost resistance of GPRC was explored by comparing and analyzing the appearance damage, mass loss, relative dynamic elastic modulus loss, and strength loss. Compared with GPRC without rubber, the compressive strength of GPRC with 5%, 10%, and 15% rubber content decreased by 6%, 13%, and 22%, respectively. The splitting tensile strength decreased by 17%, 21%, and 35%, respectively. The flexural strength decreased by 6%, 12%, and 31%, respectively. As the number of freeze-thaw cycles increased, higher rubber content resulted in less appearance damage and better integrity of GPRC. After 100 freeze-thaw cycles, the mass loss rates of GPRC0 to GPRC15 were 6.5%, 6.3%, 3.7%, and 1.7%, respectively. The relative dynamic elastic modulus losses were 46.77%, 44.09%, 29.81%, and 20.69%, respectively. GPRC10 and GPRC15 showed stable mass loss and relative dynamic elastic modulus loss after 75 freeze-thaw cycles. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength all gradually decreased with increasing freeze-thaw cycles. However, the loss rate decreased with increasing rubber content. The increase in rubber content could slow down the loss rate of GPRC except for the splitting tensile strength. For GPRC with more than 10% rubber content, the splitting tensile strength would accelerate the decline after 75 freeze-thaw cycles. The study indicates that the addition of rubber can effectively improve the frost resistance of GPRC, and the higher the content, the better the frost resistance. However, the strength of the concrete is reduced at the same time. From the perspective of frost resistance, without considering the decay of splitting tensile strength, 15% is the optimal rubber content. Considering the splitting tensile strength, 10% is the optimal rubber content. Taking into account the actual application, a rubber content of 10% is recommended.

The injection molding machine is a critical device for transforming thermoplastic or thermosetting materials into various plastic products using plastic injection mold. According to the technological process and control requirements of injection molding machine, a PLC monitoring system is designed, which can realize automated control and real-time monitoring by hardware and software. The hardware includes S7-1200 PLC, HMI touch screen, sensors and actuators. PLC collects and processes data such as temperature, pressure and position to ensure accurate control. The software utilizes TIA Portal V17 for PLC programming and HMI configuration, creating a user-friendly interface to realize real-time data display and parameter setting, along with alarm function. Test results show that the monitoring system improves the reliability and stability of injection molding machine, greatly increasing the production efficiency and quality of molded products.

Hydrophilic monomers, acrylic acid (AA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), were successfully grafted onto the surface of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) micropowder via a radiation-induced grafting method to produce highly hydrophilic PET micropowder. The semi-dry solid mixture of PET micropowder (particle size 20 μm) and AA/AMPS was subjected to γ-irradiation under a nitrogen atmosphere with an absorbed dose of 100 kGy. The results showed that the dispersibility and hydrophilicity of the modified PET micropowder increased with the grafting rate. When the mass fraction of AA/AMPS monomers was 20% and the mass ratio of AA to AMPS was 2∶1, the grafting rate reached 15.2%, the modified PET exhibited good dispersion stability in aqueous solution, and the water contact angle decreased from 125.4° to 60.3°. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) were used to confirm the successful grafting of AA/AMPS onto the surface of PET micropowder.