损伤时间推断是法医实践工作的重要任务之一，其在确定暴力实施时间、判断损伤形成顺序、划分责任主体、分析案件性质等方面具有重要作用，但传统的方法受限于外界环境影响，难以精确推断损伤时间，因此损伤时间推断仍是法医学研究的热点和难点。近年来，法医科学研究者从组织形态学、非编码RNA、蛋白质、生物活性因子、代谢产物以及影像学和光谱学等方面对活体软组织的损伤时间推断进行了大量研究与探索。本文总结了这些方面的近期研究成果，对其在法医实践中的应用前景进行探讨，并从多组学联合分析的角度，就如何实现损伤时间的精准推断进行了展望。

Wound age estimation is an important task in the practice of forensic medicine and plays an important role in determining the time of violence，judging the order of injury formation，dividing the subjects of responsibility，and analyzing the nature of the case； however，it is difficult to achieve accurate wound age estimation using the traditional method，and therefore，wound age estimation remains a hotspot and a difficulty in forensic medicine. In recent years， forensic scientists have conducted a large number of studies and explorations on wound age estimation of living soft tissue from the aspects of histomorphology，non-coding RNA，proteins，bioactive factors，metabolites，imaging，and spectroscopy. This article summarizes the recent research findings of these aspects，discusses their application prospects in forensic investigations，and looks forward to the future of accurate wound age estimation from the perspective of multi-omics analysis.