目的 探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜手术在治疗肾门部肿瘤的安全性以及有效性。 方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年12月在重庆医科大学附属第一医院治疗的肾门部恶性肿瘤患者，其中普通腹腔镜23例，机器人辅助患者26例，比较2组患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤侧别、肿瘤直径、R.E.N.A.L评分差异无统计学意义；比较2组患者的手术时间，热缺血时间、肿瘤切缘阴性、有无Clavien-DindoⅢ级以上严重并发症、术后住院时间。 结果 2组手术均顺利完成，腔镜组1例改开放肾部分切除手术。2组患者在术前患者资料方面无明显差异。2组患者在手术时间、术后血红蛋白下降值、术后输血率（0/22∶0/26）、术中出血量、肿瘤切缘阳性率（0/22∶0/26）、Clavien-DindoⅢ级以上并发症发生率（0/22∶0/26）等方面比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2组患者在术中肾脏热缺血时间［（29.3±3.7） min 和（21.3±3.3） min］，术后住院天数［（6.0±1.2） d 和（3.9±1.3） d］差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。 结论 机器人辅助腹腔镜在处理肾门部肾肿瘤的安全性以及有效性比较确切。

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of renal hilar tumors. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the patients with malignant renal hilar tumors who were treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2000 to December 2023，among whom 23 patients underwent general laparoscopy and 26 underwent robot-assisted laparoscopy. The two groups were compared in terms of age，sex，side of tumor，tumor diameter，R.E.N.A.L. score，time of operation，warm ischemia time，negative tumor margin，Clavien-Dindo grade ≥Ⅲ severe complications，and length of postoperative hospital stay. Results The patients in both groups underwent a successful surgery，and 1 patient in the laparoscopy group was converted to open partial nephrectomy. There were no significant differences in preoperative data between the two groups. There were also no significant differences between the two groups in time of operation，the reduction in hemoglobin after surgery，postoperative blood transfusion rate （0/22 vs. 0/26），intraoperative blood loss，the positive rate of tumor margin （0/22 vs. 0/26），and the incidence rate of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥Ⅲ severe complications （P>0.05）. There were significant differences between the two groups in intraoperative renal warm ischemia time ［（29.3±3.7） min vs. （21.3±3.3） min，P<0.01］ and length of postoperative hospital stay ［（6.0±1.2） d vs. （3.9±1.3） d，P<0.01］. Conclusion Robot-assisted laparoscopy has good safety and efficacy in the treatment of renal hilar tumors.