目的 探讨宁泌泰胶囊在促进5～20 mm的上尿路结石输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术后残余结石的排出及并发症方面的效果。 方法 回顾性分析重庆医科大学附属第一医院2023年2月至2023年5月接受肾或输尿管结石手术的患者。按照纳入研究的患者术后服用药物种类分为2组，分别为：宁泌泰组及对照组。观察的结局指标有结石排出率，结石排净率，同时比较2组术后第1天及第14天血尿和尿路感染情况。另外，本研究还对6项随机对照试验进行了荟萃分析，以验证结果。 结果 回顾性研究的结果表明，宁泌泰组患者术后14 d的结石排出率（P=0.024）和排净率（P=0.002）均高于对照组，而2组患者术后第一天和第14天尿液中红细胞计数及白细胞计数并不存在统计学上的差异。对6项已发表的随机对照试验进行荟萃分析的结果同样表明，宁泌泰组比对照组的结石排出率和排净率高。同时还得出宁泌泰组患者结石排出和排净都更快，发生肾绞痛和使用镇痛药物的概率也较低。 结论 宁泌泰胶囊对促进泌尿系结石术后残余结石的排出存在一定效果，可以降低患者术后发生肾绞痛的风险，但对于降低患者术后尿路感染和血尿的风险仍需进一步研究。

Objective To investigate the effect of Ningmitai Capsule in promoting the expulsion of residual stones and complications after flexible ureteroscopy with holmium laser lithotripsy for 5～20 mm upper urinary tract stones. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for patients with renal or ureteral stones who underwent holmium laser lithotripsy with ureteral flexible lens at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from February 2023 to May 2023. The patients were categorized into the Ningmitai group and the control group according to their postoperative medication. The outcome indicators included stone expulsion rate and stone clearance rate，as well as the hematuria and urinary tract infection on the 1st and 14th postoperative days. In addition，we performed a meta-analysis on six randomized controlled trials to validate the results. Results The retrospective study showed that the stone expulsion rate（P=0.024） and clearance rate（P=0.002） were higher in patients in the Ningmitai group than in the control group on the 14th day after surgery. There were no significant differences in red blood cell counts and leukocyte counts in the urine on the 1st day and 14th day after surgery between the two groups. The meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials showed that the Ningmitai group had higher rates of stone expulsion and clearance than the control group. It also demonstrated that patients in the Ningmitai group had faster stone expulsion and clearance，and were less likely to experience renal colic and require analgesic medications. Conclusion Ningmitai Capsule can promote the expulsion of residual stones from urinary tract after lithotripsy and can reduce the risk of postoperative renal colic in patients. However，further research is still needed on reducing the risk of postoperative urinary tract infection and hematuria in patients.