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  • Review
    Xinyue SHI, Dingyu ZHANG
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 97-104. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.019
    Abstract (247) PDF (19) HTML (202)   Knowledge map   Save

    Acinetobacter baumannii, a prevalent multidrug-resistant pathogen in Intensive Care Units, poses a significant threat to critically ill patients. With limited effective antibiotic options, Acinetobacter baumannii infections lead to high infection and mortality rates. Its resistance mechanisms include efflux pump activity, target mutations, activation of antibiotic-modifying enzymes, biofilm formation, and quorum sensing system regulation. Recognizing Acinetobacter as a priority for antibiotic development, this article emphasized the urgency of developing new antibiotics. It concentrated on novel antibiotic development, exploring non-traditional antimicrobial agents, potential vaccines, and advancing multimodal infection control strategies, serving as both preventive and alternative therapeutic responses to the escalating challenge of antibiotic resistance.

  • Basic Medical Research
    Mengyu ZHANG, Jinfeng LUO, Liyuan JIANG, Baorui TENG, Die GAO, Dan ZHANG, Hui LEI
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 47-52. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.010
    Abstract (107) PDF (8) HTML (51)   Knowledge map   Save

    Objective To study the secondary metabolites and their antibacterial activities from a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SWMU-WZ04-3. Methods The secondary metabolites from the fermented extracts of the fungus Aspergillus sp. SWMU-WZ04-3 were separated and purified by silica gel, gel column chromatography, semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography and other modern chromatographic analysis methods. The structures of the compounds were identified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses and Mass Spectrometry (MS) spectroscopic data, and by comparing with the data in previous literatures. Their antibacterial bioactivities were tested by disk diffusion method. Results Nine compounds were isolated from the fermentation broth of Aspergillus sp. SWMU-WZ04-3 and identified as 3,4-dimethoxyacetophenone compound 1), ethyl (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-enoate compound 2), 4‐methyl‐5,6‐dihydropyren‐2‐one compound 3), 3,15-dihydroxyl-(22E,24R)-ergosta-5,8(14), 22-trien-7-one compound 4), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester compound 5), 1'-Hexadecanoic acid-2',3'-dihydroxy-propylester compound 6), 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate compound 7), (22E, 24R)-stigmasta-5, 7, 22-trien-3-β-ol compound 8)β-sitosterol compound 9), respectively. In vitro biological activity results showed that compound 4 exhibited inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, while other compounds had no obvious antibacterial activity. Conclusion Compounds 256 were isolated from Aspergillus sp. species for the first time, compound 4 has anti-Escherichia coli activity. The fungus Aspergillus sp. SWMU WZ04-3 has value in the further studys.

  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(06): 461-465+470.
    神经源性膀胱(neurogenic bladder,NB)是一种由神经损害或病变所致的下尿路功能障碍,可引发多种下尿路症状,同时合并多系统并发症,严重者可导致肾衰竭。神经源性膀胱的病因复杂,主要包括神经系统因素、感染性疾病和医源性因素。由于病因复杂,临床表现缺乏特异性,神经源性膀胱的诊断、分型和治疗是临床亟需解决的重点及难点问题。本文系统性地归纳了神经源性膀胱的诊断标准,包括病史采集、排尿日记、实验室检查、泌尿系超声、尿动力学检查和神经电生理;汇总了神经源性膀胱的疾病分型法,如国际尿控协会(INTERNATIONAL CONTINENCE SOCIETY,ICS)分型法、廖氏分型法、Madersbacher分型法、Krane-Siroky分型法和SALE分型法等;整理了临床现有的神经源性膀胱的治疗方法,如药物治疗、手术治疗和骶神经电刺激术;结合了国内外组织工程和干细胞研究的最新进展,展望神经源性膀胱治疗的新方向。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(05): 384-388.
    目的 基于磁性层状双氢氧化物(magnetic layered double hydroxide,MLDH)对修饰在单链和双链DNA上的羧基荧光素(6-carboxyfluorescein,FAM)的高效淬灭,以及核酸外切酶Ⅰ(exonucleaseⅠ,ExoⅠ)对单链DNA的选择性降解作用,建立测定大肠杆菌的荧光传感器。方法 将不同浓度的大肠杆菌特征DNA与FAM标记的互补DNA探针杂交,形成FAM-双链DNA,加入Exo I选择性降解剩余探针,再加入MLDH吸附并淬灭FAM-双链DNA。通过磁铁分离上清液与MLDH,测量上清液的荧光强度。结果 在最优实验条件下,本法检测大肠杆菌特征DNA的线性范围为0.05~30 nmol/L,相关系数(R2)为0.997,检测限(3σ)为0.025 nmol/L,对江水、自来水和茶饮料中大肠杆菌DNA的回收率为85.4%~118%,相对标准偏差小于5%。结论 利用MLDH的荧光淬灭能力和Exo I对单链DNA的选择性水解能力成功构建了测定大肠杆菌的新型荧光传感器,与传统大肠杆菌检测法相比,所建新型传感器灵敏度高、选择性好、准确度高,能实现对大肠杆菌的快速检测。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(06): 553-558.
    中枢性脑卒中后疼痛(central post-storke pain,CPSP)是一种慢性顽固性中枢神经性疼痛综合征,是由中枢神经系统血管病变引起的疼痛,与躯体感觉系统损伤有关,表现为与脑损伤区域相对应的躯体部位的持续或间歇性疼痛,伴有感觉异常。目前,CPSP的发病机制尚不明确,现有研究表明疼痛信号传导通路功能障碍、中枢脱抑制、中枢敏化、神经胶质细胞机制、神经递质失衡、离子通道改变等均与CPSP有关。随着CPSP患病人群的增多,当前治疗和管理面临巨大挑战。常见的管理策略包括药物治疗和非药物治疗,但治疗效果有限。未来研究重点应在多学科综合治疗、功能神经影像学建立预测模型、生物标志物开发、新药物靶点探索以及关注CPSP与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠障碍共患病的基础研究上。本文就CPSP的神经机制与临床管理策略作一综述,以期找到更有效的治疗方法,提升患者的生活质量。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(05): 389-394.
    目的 探索炎症介质肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α)诱导肺成纤维细胞旁分泌光蛋白聚糖(lumican)对小气道上皮细胞间充质转化的影响与调控机制。方法 体外培养人原代肺成纤维细胞(human primary lung fibroblasts;HLF)与人原代小气道上皮细胞(human primary small airway epithelial cells;HSAE),通过转录组测序与RT-qPCR检测lumican在两种细胞内的表达情况。利用lumican siRNA靶向沉默HLF lumican表达后,将HLF与HSAE进行共培养,检测TNF-α刺激下HSAE中上皮-间充质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition;EMT)相关指标的变化。采用ERK磷酸化特异性抑制剂预处理HSAE后,检测lumican刺激下ERK/slug通路的活性变化。结果 RNA测序与RT-qPCR结果显示lumican在HSAE中几乎不表达,而在HLF中表达量较高。TNF-α可以显著增加HLF中lumican的合成和分泌。TNF-α作用于HLF与HSAE共培养体系后可诱导HSAE中α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(alpha smooth muscle actin;α-SMA)和Ⅲ型胶原蛋白α1链(collagen typeⅢ,alpha 1 chain;COL3A1)的表达,下调E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)的表达。Lumican siRNA预处理HLF后可以抑制上述改变。利用重组蛋白lumican处理HSAE后,发现HSAE中ERK磷酸化和Slug蛋白水平增加,α-SMA表达上调的同时E-cadherin表达下调,而ERK磷酸化抑制剂预处理可以显著抑制该变化。结论 炎症介质TNF-α可能通过促进肺成纤维细胞旁分泌lumican,作用于小气道上皮细胞,激活ERK/Slug信号通路,引起小气道上皮细胞向间充质细胞转化,进而促进炎性损伤后的纤维化进程。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(02): 123-129.
    目的 本研究将丁酸与5-氨基水杨酸(5-aminosalicylic acid,5-ASA)通过化学反应合成2-丁酰氧基-5-丁酰胺基苯甲酸(2-butyloxide-5-butylaminobenzoic acid,BBA),作为治疗结肠癌的前体药物,利用纳米技术制备BBA纳米晶缓控释制剂,并探讨BBA纳米晶对结肠癌细胞的抑制作用。方法 采用溶剂反溶剂沉淀法制备BBA纳米晶,通过核磁共振扫描、红外光谱仪和透射电镜等进行物理化学表征;使用高效液相色谱法检测含量;并通过MTT实验检测不同浓度的BBA、BBA纳米晶、空白纳米晶、5-氟尿嘧啶、5-氨基水杨酸和丁酸钠与结肠癌细胞SW620共同孵育24、48、72 h后细胞的存活率,以探索BBA纳米晶对结肠癌细胞SW620的抑制效果。结果 本实验成功制备了BBA纳米晶。MTT结果显示,作用时间为24 h时,各个浓度条件下BBA纳米晶与BBA对结肠癌细胞SW620的抑制率较低,两组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);作用时间分别为48 h和72 h,药物浓度为30μm和40μm时,BBA纳米晶对结肠癌细胞SW620的体外抑制效果低于阳性对照5-氟尿嘧啶组,但明显优于其余各同浓度给药组;BBA纳米晶与BBA,两组间比较对结肠癌细胞SW620的抑制率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),从而表明BBA纳米晶具有缓释性,并对结肠癌细胞SW620有较好的抑制作用。结论 本研究成功制备了丁酸前药BBA纳米晶,并证明了该新型药物制剂对结肠癌细胞具有抑制作用,这一结果将为结肠癌的临床治疗提供新的思路和方法。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(01): 80-86.
    骨的吸收、生成及稳态的维持是建立在成骨和破骨事件基础上的,上述这些过程是由多种因子共同参与调控。其中缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1α, HIF-1α)作为低氧的标志物,已被证实参与了多种成骨及破骨过程。各种体内外低氧模型也提供了HIF-1α直接或间接调控成骨及破骨过程的相关证据,但其对成骨及破骨的影响及机制并未得到系统性总结。所以本文对HIF-1α参与成骨、破骨的调控机制及其所涉及的相关临床事件进行了综述。总的来说,低氧条件下HIF-1α主要是通过与成骨及破骨相关基因的缺氧反应元件(hypoxia response element,HRE)结合从而直接参与成骨及破骨过程。除此之外,HIF-1α还可以通过增强糖酵解从而维持成骨及破骨能量的需求,但与此同时酸化的环境会进一步刺激破骨的产生。通过文献回顾,我们发现低氧条件下HIF-1α调控的成骨及破骨两种不同事件可能与低氧的持续时间和浓度有着密切联系,而不同氧条件下所导致的糖酵解的酸化程度可能是决定HIF-1α介导成骨和破骨走向的关键因素。低氧持续时间作为“低氧剂量”的一个组成部分对骨生理反应有着重要影响,同时其激发的HIF亚型转化这一现象对骨生理的影响也至关重要。据此本文通过对低氧下HIF-1α在成骨破骨进程的调控作用进行综述,以期为低氧下骨生理调控的相关机制提供一定的理论参考。
  • Expert Commentary
    Xun LI, Xiaojing SONG
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.001
    Abstract (63) PDF (2) HTML (44)   Knowledge map   Save

    Liver regeneration is a key biological process for the liver to maintain normal physiological function and respond to injury. Accurately evaluating and predicting the state of liver regeneration is of great significance for liver surgery planning, liver disease treatment strategy formulation, and patient prognosis judgment. This article provided a systematic review of the current application status of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of liver regeneration, covering evaluation methods based on imaging, clinical data, and molecular genomics. It analyzed the challenges currently faced in terms of data quality and algorithm interpretability, and looked forward to the future development prospects of AI under the guidance of multimodal fusion, real-time dynamic monitoring, and personalized medicine, providing reference for promoting innovation in liver regeneration research and clinical practice.

  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(05): 452-456.
    人血白蛋白由肝脏合成,是血浆中含量最多的蛋白质,发挥着维持胶体渗透压、维持血管内皮稳定、抗氧化、抗炎、转运内源性和外源性物质、免疫调节等重要的生理作用,白蛋白浓度的测定是临床检测的重要指标。随着对人血白蛋白的深入探索,研究者发现循环白蛋白浓度无法完整反映白蛋白生理学功能,由此引入了有效白蛋白概念。肝硬化患者白蛋白发生翻译后修饰导致结构损伤,从而使有效白蛋白浓度下降,并且通过临床试验发现,功能和结构保留完整的有效白蛋白浓度相较于总白蛋白浓度能更准确表征疾病进程。因此有效白蛋白浓度的测定可以更好地指导慢性肝病患者的临床治疗和预后。基于人们对有效白蛋白认识不足的现状,本文对其结构特征、合成代谢、与疾病的关系及检测方法作一综述。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(05): 373-376.
    老年脓毒症休克的发病率和死亡率随人口老龄化而显著上升。在临床实践中,液体复苏治疗对老年脓毒症休克的管理至关重要,但患者特殊的生理特点使得液体复苏充满挑战。尽管已有多种复苏策略被提出,但液体反应性评估、补液方式、补液速度等关键点在老年脓毒症休克患者中的最佳实践方法仍存在争议。本文就老年脓毒症休克液体应遵循的三个层次四个阶段的复苏综合管理策略作一评述,旨在为临床决策提供参考。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(04): 300-305.
    目的 利用CRISPR/Cas9技术构建分选连接蛋白9(sorting nexin 9,SNX9)基因敲除小鼠模型并对其表型进行分析。方法 针对C57BL/6小鼠SNX9基因第3~5外显子,设计gRNA靶位点并在体外转录获得sgRNA,与编码Cas9的mRNA混合后通过受精卵显微注射方法获得F0代阳性敲除小鼠。通过繁育及基因型鉴定获得SNX9基因敲除纯合子小鼠(SNX9-/-小鼠);取小鼠尾部组织提取DNA,用PCR和琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行基因型鉴定;提取SNX9基因敲除小鼠脑组织蛋白,用Western blot检测SNX9蛋白和小胶质细胞标志蛋白的表达水平;记录SNX9基因敲除小鼠的繁殖率和体重,并与野生型小鼠比较;步态系统分析SNX9基因敲除小鼠的步态情况;苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察小鼠脑组织的形态结构。结果 F1代杂合子(SNX9+/-)小鼠繁育后可获得3种基因型:野生型(SNX9+/+)、杂合子(SNX9+/-)、纯合子(SNX9-/-);鼠尾提取的DNA用聚合酶链反应(PCR)能鉴定出小鼠的基因型,SNX9敲除小鼠脑组织的SNX9蛋白表达显著低于野生型小鼠;SNX9基因敲除小鼠可正常生长繁殖,但繁殖率显著低于野生型小鼠(P<0.001),体重无显著差异(P>0.05);SNX9基因敲除小鼠脑组织形态学特征与野生型小鼠相比无明显差异;SNX9基因敲除小鼠脑组织的小胶质细胞标志蛋白表达水平与野生型小鼠相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 利用CRISPR/Cas9技术成功获得SNX9基因敲除小鼠,为研究SNX9基因的生物学功能和调控机制提供了实验动物模型。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(06): 466-470.
    前列腺增生是老年男性患者的常见病,发病率极高,病因机制复杂且受多种因素影响。内分泌干扰物是一类广泛存在的化合物,结构类似于激素,可对人体内分泌产生干扰。前列腺生长受到性激素调控,内分泌干扰物可以影响前列腺的生长进而导致前列腺增生的发生和进展。本文综合性分析了内分泌干扰物对前列腺增生影响的研究现状,重点分析了内分泌干扰物促进前列腺增生的作用机制,同时提出了减少内分泌干扰物暴露的预防措施,以期为临床医生和人民群众提高对内分泌干扰物和前列腺增生疾病之间联系的认识,减少内分泌干扰物的危害提供参考和借鉴。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(05): 428-432.
    目的 探讨贝叶斯Logistic回归模型在心脏病影响因素分析研究中的应用价值。方法 数据资料来自2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查中的525例调查对象。利用OpenBUGS软件分别拟合了贝叶斯随机效应和固定效应的Logistic回归模型,并在两种模型中估计各影响因素与因变量关系的优势比(OR)及95%可信区间(95%CI)。结果 贝叶斯随机效应和固定效应的Logistic回归模型分析结果均显示,性别、高血压和糖尿病是心脏病患病率的影响因素。两个模型的收敛效果均较好,参数估计结果也相差较小,但随机效应模型的拟合效果略差于固定效应模型(随机效应模型:DIC=156.6,pD=11.96;固定效应模型:DIC=155.8,pD=7.79)。结论 在贝叶斯Logistic回归模型中引入随机效应参数需根据具体情况而定,否则反而可能会降低模型的拟合效果。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(04): 364-368.
    过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ,PPARγ)是Ⅱ型核激素受体超家族成员,能调节多种基因的转录和表达。自20世纪90年代初被发现以来,PPARγ以其在脂肪细胞分化和葡萄糖代谢中的关键作用而闻名。近年来,关于PPARγ在免疫系统和造血系统中的研究取得了一些新的发现,为相关疾病的发病机制研究提供了新的思路。本文对PPARγ的结构、亚型、功能以及其在免疫系统和造血系统中的研究进展进行综述。新的研究证据表明,PPARγ对各种免疫系统相关细胞类型的分化和功能很重要,如树突细胞、巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞。此外,PPARγ通过影响造血干细胞和间充质干细胞的增殖和分化调控造血。而PPARγ信号的失调可能与造血免疫系统疾病发生发展相关。通过对PPARγ在免疫系统和造血系统中作用的分子机制的进一步理解,可能有助于为相关疾病治疗靶点的寻找提供理论参考。
  • Clinical Medical Research
    Ru LIU, Feifei ZHANG, Xin LI
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 68-73. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.014
    Abstract (39) PDF (2) HTML (20)   Knowledge map   Save

    Objective Investigating the value of combined serum annexin A1 (AnxA1), a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type-1 domain 13 (ADAMTS13), and electrocardiogram parameters in assessing the degree of coronary stenosis and plaque stability in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods A total of 280 suspected AMI patients admitted to our hospital from August 2020 to August 2022 due to chest pain were collected as the study subjects, according to the results of coronary angiography and cTnl level, they were grouped into a non AMI group (135 cases) and an AMI group (145 cases), the serum levels of AnxA1 and ADAMTS13 were compared between the two groups. According to the coronary Gensini score of AMI patients, they were grouped into the mild group (55 cases), the moderate group (53 cases), and the severe group (37 cases). The serum levels of AnxA1 and ADAMTS13 were compared among patients with different numbers of coronary artery lesions and different degrees of coronary artery lesions. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of serum AnxA1 and ADAMTS13 combined with electrocardiogram for severe coronary artery disease and plaque stability in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Results Compared with the non AMI group, the serum AnxA1, QTc, and TP Tec levels in the AMI group were increased[(0.97 ± 0.26 )vs (1.31 ± 0.38) μg/mL] [(417.56 ± 29.11 ) vs (456.88 ± 28.62) ms] [(106.53 ± 15.28) vs (120.48 ± 14.91) ms], ADAMTS13 levels decreased [(1.22 ± 0.39) vs(0.86 ± 0.29 )ng/L] (P < 0.05). Compared with the single vessel group, the serum AnxA1, QTc, and TP Tec levels in the double vessel and multi vessel groups increased[(1.08 ± 0.15)vs(1.36 ± 0.21)vs(1.60 ± 0.25 μg/mL] [(439.84 ± 19.73)vs(459.73 ± 19.80)vs(479.74 ± 20.11)ms] [(114.82 ± 11.40)vs(121.89 ± 10.96)vs(127.41 ± 10.57) ms], ADAMTS13 levels decreased[(1.05 ± 0.27)vs(0.82 ± 0.19)vs(0.61 ± 0.13)ng/L] (P < 0.05).Compared with the mild group, the serum AnxA1, QTc, and TP Tec levels in the moderate and severe groups increased [(1.11 ± 0.14)vs(1.35 ± 0.20)vs(1.55 ± 0.27)μg/mL] [(438.96 ± 20.37)vs(459.44 ± 21.19)vs(479.84 ± 22.42)ms] [(113.43 ± 11.58)vs(121.88 ±11.39)vs(128.96 ± 11.16)ms], ADAMTS13 levels decreased [(1.03 ± 0.23)vs(0.88 ± 0.17)vs(0.58 ± 0.12)ng/L] (P < 0.05). Compared with the stable plaque group, the serum AnxA1, QTc, and TP Tec levels in the unstable plaque group were significantly increased[(1.15 ± 0.24)vs(1.46 ± 0.31)μg/mL)] [(440.37 ± 29.11)vs(472.29 ± 28.62) ms] [(112.44 ± 15.63)vs(127.98 ± 15.17)ms], ADAMTS13 levels significantly decreased[(0.97 ± 0.18)vs(0.76 ± 0.09)ng/L], with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The ROC curve results showed that the AUC of combining electrocardiogram parameters to predict the degree of coronary artery disease in AMI was 0.948, which was better than individual detection (P < 0.05). The ROC curve results showed that the combined prediction of electrocardiogram parameters for severe coronary artery disease in AMI had an AUC of 0.925, which was superior to their individual detection (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of electrocardiogram and serum AnxA1, ADAMTS13 showed better predictive value for severe coronary artery disease and plaque stability in AMI, providing a reference for clinical diagnosis of AMI.

  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(04): 334-338.
    目的 分析泸州市青年与老年HIV/AIDS患者污名化歧视、社会支持和抑郁情况,为开展健康干预提供依据。方法 以泸州市接受社区随访管理的HIV/AIDS患者作为调查对象,在2022年3月至2022年5月期间进行定额抽样,对调查对象进行面对面问卷调查。使用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析,使用Mann-Whitney U检验、χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法比较组间差异,使用Spearman秩相关分析污名化歧视、社会支持与抑郁的相关性,采用非条件Logistic回归探索青年组和老年组HIV/AIDS患者抑郁的影响因素,以双侧α=0.05为检验水准。结果 纳入青年和老年HIV/AIDS患者各160名。与青年患者相比,老年患者更多居住于农村(χ2=48.43,P <0.001),文化程度相对较低(χ2=132.39,P <0.001);整体污名化歧视得分较高(63.50分),组间污名化歧视差异无统计学意义,青年患者社会支持显著低于老年患者(Z=-5.79,P <0.001),抑郁检出率显著高于老年患者(χ2=31.25,P <0.001);污名化歧视与抑郁呈正相关(青年rs=0.166,P=0.035、老年rs=0.218,P=0.006),老年患者社会支持与污名化歧视呈负相关(rs=-0.166,P=0.036);非条件Logistic回归显示:居住地农村是老年患者抑郁的危险因素(OR=4.421,95%CI:1.154~16.943),污名化歧视是抑郁的共同危险因素(青年OR=1.028,95%CI:1.002~1.056,老年OR=1.046,95%CI:1.004~1.088)。结论 社会各方需要持续给予HIV/AIDS患者支持,尤其是积极关注青年患者心理健康;艾滋病相关健康教育持续以消除污名化歧视为目标,筑牢农村艾滋病健康教育防线,多渠道、多形式开展艾滋病防治知识健康教育。
  • Expert Forum
    Huanming XIAO, Meijie SHI, Yubao XIE, Xiaoling CHI
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 17-20. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.004
    Abstract (46) PDF (1) HTML (44)   Knowledge map   Save

    Liver fibrosis constitutes a critical intermediary phase in the advancement of numerous chronic liver diseases towards cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, significant challenges remain in the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis, especially in preventing its progression to cirrhosis and HCC. Unfortunately, there is currently no efficacious pharmacological intervention available for the prevention and management of liver fibrosis. Extensive longitudinal studies have substantiated the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis. Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of TCM in the treatment of liver fibrosis, as well as optimizing its potential to inhibit the onset and progression of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC, continues to be a critical area of research. The therapeutic concept of "Combination Therapy with Diverse Methods and Prescriptions" was proposed as early as in "Huangdi Neijing". Building on this concept, integrating various TCM therapies to create a multi-method, multi-target treatment plan is crucial for enhancing liver fibrosis treatment efficacy. Guided by the therapeutic concept of "Combination Therapy with Diverse Methods and Prescriptions", the multi-dimensional and systematic therapeutic approach has been consistently employed to inhibit and reverse liver fibrosis, yielding significant outcomes.

  • Review
    Xiao YAN, Yao XU, Jing ZHANG, Xi YUAN, Famin KE
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 105-110. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.020
    Abstract (40) PDF (1) HTML (31)   Knowledge map   Save

    With the progression of nanotechnology, magnetic nanomaterials, especially magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, have increasingly showcased their pivotal role in the field of medicine. The Fe3O4 magnetic nanomaterials garner considerable interest from researchers due to their unique magnetic properties, superior biocompatibility, and facile surface functionalization capabilities. Under the influence of external magnetic fields, these materials demonstrate rapid and directed mobility. Furthermore, their nanoscale dimensions give rise to high specific surface areas and enhanced surface energies, which facilitate the efficient adsorption and conjugation of drug molecules and biomolecules. Moreover, the stable chemical properties and low biotoxicity of Fe3O4 magnetic nanomaterials render them highly promising for various medical applications. In biomedical research, Fe3O4 magnetic nanomaterials have been widely adopted across multiple domains and achieved notable advancements. This article presented a comprehensive overview of the research advances of Fe3O4 magnetic nanomaterials in diverse areas such as drug delivery systems, tumor hyperthermia therapy, blood purification, enzyme-catalyzed therapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), protein and nucleic acid separation and purification, and cell separation and immune analysis. It also looked forward to potential development paths and innovation points in the technology..

  • Basic Medical Research
    Yan GUO, Chengjie YANG, Guo MU, Na WEI, Ye CHEN, Bingqing XIE, Jun ZHOU
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 41-46. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.009
    Abstract (53) PDF (1) HTML (29)   Knowledge map   Save

    Objective To investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of liraglutide on brain injury in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic mice. Methods Ninety C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 30): the Control group, the Sepsis group (LPS), and the LPS + Liraglutide group (LPS + Lira). The LPS and LPS + Lira groups received intraperitoneal injections of LPS (15 mg/kg), while the Control group received an equal volume of normal saline. The LPS + Lira group was subcutaneously injected with liraglutide (200 µg/kg) twice daily for 3 consecutive days, starting 2 days before the LPS injection. Results Significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of survival rate, brain water content, the number of normal pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 region, apoptosis rate, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokine levels, and related protein expression (P < 0.05). Further pairwise comparisons showed that, compared to the Control group, the LPS group had a significantly reduced survival rate (P < 0.05), increased brain water content (P < 0.05), decreased number of normal pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 region (P < 0.05), and an elevated apoptosis rate (P < 0.05). Additionally, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05), with increased expression of NLRP3, Casp1 p10, Caspase-3, and Bax proteins (P < 0.05), and decreased expression of Bcl-2 (P < 0.05). The LPS + Lira group showed significant improvement in all these indicators compared to the LPS group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Liraglutide exerts a protective effect against LPS-induced septic brain injury by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway, thereby reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.

  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(06): 507-511.
    目的 配制Lieber-DeCarli液体饲料,通过酒精热量过渡、酒精不过渡、酒精体积过渡三种方法诱导酒精性肝病(alcoholic liver disease,ALD)小鼠模型,比较其肝功能损伤程度、血脂水平和肝脏脂肪变性程度。方法 健康雄性C57BL/6J小鼠36只,随机分为6组(n=6),即酒精热量过渡对照组(A1)、酒精热量过渡组(A2)、酒精不过渡对照组(B1)、酒精不过渡组(B2)、酒精体积过渡对照组(C1)、酒精体积过渡组(C2),在饲喂相应液体饲料的第16、22、28 d分别处死对应组小鼠,测定并比较血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷氨酸氨基转移酶(glutamic acid aminotransferase,ALT)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)含量;肝脏苏木精-伊红染色(H&E染色)观察肝脏病理改变;肝脏油红O染色观察肝脏脂肪变性。结果 血清生化结果显示,各模型组小鼠血清ALT、AST、TG含量均高于其对照组(P <0.05);A2、B2、C2组小鼠血清AST、ALT含量无明显差异(P> 0.05);A2组小鼠血清TC、HDL-C含量高于B2、C2组(P <0.05);A2、C2组小鼠血清LDL-C含量均高于B2组(P <0.05)。病理结果显示,各模型组小鼠肝脏H&E染色均可见肝细胞脂肪变性;肝脏油红O染色均可见橘红色或红色脂滴聚集。结论 Lieber-DeCarli液体饲料中三种方法诱导的ALD小鼠模型肝功能损伤无差异,表现为不同程度的肝脏脂肪变性及血脂异常。
  • Expert Forum
    Yuxin SUN, Guangdong TONG
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 11-16. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.003
    Abstract (84) PDF (1) HTML (65)   Knowledge map   Save

    Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) has become a global health problem, so far, few drugs have been approved for marketing, and its complex pathogenesis has led to great challenges in drug development. In this paper, the current status of MAFLD drug research and development at home and abroad, as well as the clinical research and new drug development of compound Chinese medicine in the treatment of MAFLD were summarized. Through the basic research of compound Chinese medicine, it was found that compound Chinese medicine could improve lipid metabolism, reduce inflammation and fibrosis, and regulate intestinal microflora through comprehensive intervention of multi-target and multi-pathway regulation. It is suggested that compound Chinese medicine may be one of the potential new drug development fields for MAFLD treatment in the future. This article reviewed the intervention of metabolic-related fatty liver disease with compound traditional Chinese medicine, aiming to provide a reference for clinical practice.

  • Clinical Medical Research
    Shengyi DAI, Haiyue LIU, Zhiqiang SUN, Dan LI, Tong WANG, Xiaohong ZUO, Fang XU, Chaozhe JIANG
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 74-80. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.015
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    Objective To explore the predictive effect of heart rate variability (HRV) on noise annoyance and develop a model for identifying and assessing noise annoyance. Methods A group of employed subway drivers participated in a simulated train driving experiment under different noise conditions. The Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale, subjective noise annoyance questionnaire, and electrocardiogram data were collected. HRV features were extracted and transformed into a standard normal distribution using Z-Score normalization. Random Forest (RF) was used for feature selection and important features were inputted to establish various driver noise annoyance identification models based on HRV features. The impact of individual noise sensitivity on accuracy was also discussed. Results Multiple HRV features were found to be related to noise annoyance. Feature selection revealed that individual noise sensitivity significantly influenced the identification and detection of noise annoyance. Among various classification models, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model achieved the best performance in identifying annoyance levels, with an accuracy of 90.03%. Conclusion The deep learning model based on HRV demonstrated excellent performance in identifying noise annoyance, providing a method and theoretical support for real-time recognition of occupational noise annoyance.

  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(06): 522-527.
    目的 探讨短肽P10581对前列腺癌骨转移的镇痛效果及对吗啡镇痛耐受的影响。方法 首先,将前列腺癌PC3细胞注入大鼠胫骨建立前列腺癌骨转移模型,分组(n=4)检测大鼠机械性缩足阈值(paw withdral threshold,PWT),筛选短肽P10581的最佳镇痛浓度,并取大鼠背根神经节DRG神经元,Western blot法检测压电蛋白Piezo2蛋白。其次,大鼠模型随机分为吗啡组(5 mg·kg-1)、P10581 A组(6.4μg·kg-1)、P10581 B组(12.8μg·kg-1)和生理盐水组(n=10),皮下注射相应药物后,每小时测量大鼠PWT。另外,大鼠模型随机分为吗啡组(5 mg·kg-1)、复合用药Ⅰ组(0.2μg·kg-1 P10581+5 mg·kg-1吗啡)、复合用药Ⅱ组(0.4μg·kg-1 P10581+5 mg·kg-1吗啡)、生理盐水组(n=10),记录皮下注射后7 d内大鼠PWT。结果 短肽P10581对前列腺癌骨转移模型的最佳镇痛浓度为51.2μg·kg-1,在此浓度下,大鼠DRG神经元中Piezo2表达降低,差异有统计学意义(t=3.569,P <0.05)。在镇痛效果研究中,给药后3 h内三组均有明显镇痛效果,且吗啡组镇痛效果强于P10581 A组和P10581 B组;第4 h时,三组的镇痛效果无差异(P> 0.05);7 h后,与吗啡组相比,P10581 A组(t=11.60,P <0.001)和P10581 B组(t=28.84,P <0.001)镇痛效果显著。在短肽P10581对吗啡耐受性影响的研究中,单独使用吗啡时,自第2 d起镇痛效果随时间减弱,出现吗啡耐受;微量短肽P10581与吗啡联合使用时,相比吗啡组,第7 d复合用药Ⅰ组(t=38.41,P <0.001)和复合用药Ⅱ组(t=34.92,P <0.001)的镇痛率分别提高了61.31%和69.78%,仍保持明显的镇痛效果。结论 相较于吗啡,短肽P10581对前列腺癌骨转移的镇痛作用更具有时间优势,并且微量短肽P10581可明显降低吗啡耐受性。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(02): 123.
    <正>《西南医科大学学报》是经国家新闻出版署批准向国内外公开发行的综合性医学学术期刊,中国高校优秀科技期刊,“中国科技期刊卓越行动计划(二期)”中国高校医学集群系列期刊成员刊,已被国内外众多数据库收录。本刊为双月刊,刊发论文以创新性、学术性、实用性、热点难点研究、规范化、标准化及引领指导价值为主要特点。刊载栏目主要有专家述评、专家论坛、技术创新、基础医学研究、临床医学研究、影像医学研究、护理学、综述等。2025年,本刊将继续秉承办刊宗旨,不断提升期刊的高质量发展和高品质建设,更好地开展国内外学术交流,促进医药卫生事业的发展。在广泛征集和吸纳读者意见的基础上,综合专家和编委的建议,确定如下2025年各期重点选题方向,面向国内外征稿(对文稿的要求:见《西南医科大学学报》官网最新投稿须知)。请相关专业作者提前半年投稿(投稿网址:http://xb.swmu.edu.cn/),争取文稿早审、早录、早发。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(06): 558.
    <正>《西南医科大学学报》是经国家新闻出版广电总局批准向国内外公开发行的综合性医学学术期刊,中国高校优秀科技期刊,已被众多国内外数据库收录。本刊为双月刊,刊发论文以创新性、学术性、实用性、热点难点研究、规范化、标准化为主要特点。刊载栏目主要有专家述评、专家论坛、技术创新、基础医学研究、临床医学研究、影像医学研究、药学研究、护理学、综述等。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(06): 502-506.
    肾纤维化(renal fibrosis,RF)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)最主要的病理表现和共同的进展途径,与CKD的严重程度密切相关。目前诊断肾纤维化的金标准是肾穿刺活检,但其临床应用存在一定的局限性。除血、尿等特异分子标记物外,随着影像学技术尤其是特异放射性示踪剂标记的正电子发射断层显像技术等的发展,[68Ga] Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT等无创手段诊断肾纤维化已成为目前研究热点。本文旨在将无创诊断肾纤维化手段的最新研究进展做一述评,以期为临床早期诊断肾纤维化提供参考。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(06): 540-543.
    目的 探讨脑梗死急性期神经功能缺损与血压昼夜节律的相关研究。方法 收集2021年3月-2022年8月咸阳市中心医院收治的符合纳入标准的急性脑梗死患者110例,入院第2 d进行24 h动态血压监测,期间填写《神经功能缺损症状调查表》,记录患者血压昼夜节律类型及神经功能缺损加重的发生时段。根据患者神经功能缺损变化分为加重组和无变化组。血压昼夜节律分为超勺型、勺型、非勺型、反勺型。神经功能缺损加重的发生时段分为:[0:00,4:00)、[4:00,8:00)、[8:00,12:00)、[12:00,16:00)、[16:00,20:00)、[20:00,24:00)。对加重组和无变化组血压昼夜节律的变化规律、脑梗死急性期神经功能缺损与血压昼夜节律的相关性及加重组神经功能缺损在各时段的分布情况进行统计分析。结果 (1)加重组和无变化组血压昼夜节律变化比较有统计学意义(χ2=37.389,P <0.01),加重组以反勺型为主,超勺型次之;无变化组以勺型为主,非勺型次之。(2)脑梗死急性期神经功能缺损与血压昼夜节律的Logistic回归分析,OR值为1.821(P <0.05)。(3)加重组神经功能缺损在各时段的发生例数及比较有统计学意义(χ2=38.217,P <0.05),发生时段主要集中在[4:00,8:00)时段。结论 血压昼夜节律的异常改变可能导致脑梗死急性期神经功能缺损的加重,[4:00,8:00)时段可能是脑梗死加重的高峰时段。
  • Nursing Science
    Cui ZHANG, Xiaoyu CHENG, Longfei ZHANG, Longfei WU, Weijia YAN, Mengke YUAN, Hongyu WANG, Bingyao GAO
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 92-96. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.018
    Abstract (27) PDF (0) HTML (24)   Knowledge map   Save

    Objective The purpose is to explore the impact of timing based nursing interventions on self-management ability of patients undergoing autologous arteriovenous fistula anastomosis, and to evaluate their effectiveness. Methods From October 2022 to January 2024, 130 patients who received hemodialysis treatment after autologous arteriovenous fistula anastomosis in our hospital were divided into study group and control group by digital random table method, with 65 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing intervention during hospitalization, while the study group implemented nursing intervention based on timing theory. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The self-management behavior and quality of life of patients in the two groups were tested by independent sample t test, and the incidence of complications was tested by χ2 test. Results There was no significant difference in the scores of self-management behavior and quality of life between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05). After intervention, the scores of self-management behavior and quality of life in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the incidence of complications was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Nursing intervention based on timing theory has some effect on enhancing self-management ability of patients with autologous arteriovenous fistula anastomosis, and provides reference for clinical application.

  • Imaging Medical Research
    Mengdi LI, Junge LOU, Xiaoyan ZHANG, Yuanyuan YAN
    Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2025, 48(1): 87-91. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2096-3351.2025.01.017
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    Objective To explore the predictive value of lung ultrasound B-line score combined with diaphragm function-related parameters for weaning from severe mechanical ventilation patients. Methods A total of one hundred and fifteen critically ill mechanically ventilated patients admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to August 2023 were selected. Patients’ readiness for weaning was assessed through lung ultrasonography with a calculated B-line score, and spontaneous breathing trials (SBT) with a T-tube pressure support. The indicators of right diaphragmatic excursion and thickness were determined by bedside ultrasound at 30 min of SBT. The diaphragm rapid shallow breathing index, diaphragmatic excursion, and thickness were recorded. Patients were divided into the success group (n = 78) and the failure group (n = 37) based on their respiratory status 48 hours after weaning. The clinical data were collected, multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify factors affecting the successful weaning in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of lung ultrasound B-line score combined with diaphragm function-related parameters for weaning in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. Results The failure group reported a larger B-line score and diaphragm rapid shallow breathing index, and a smaller changes in diaphragmatic excursion and thickness compared to the success group (P < 0.05). The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE-Ⅱ), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, respiratory rate, and shallow breathing index were notably higher in the failure group than in the success group, the duration of mechanical ventilation was less than that of the weaning success group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis denoted that lung ultrasound B-line score, diaphragmatic rapid shallow breathing index, right diaphragmatic excursion, diaphragmatic thickness, APACHE-Ⅱscore, SOFA score, respiratory rate, and rapid shallow breathing index were important factors for successful weaning in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients (P < 0.05). ROC curve indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) of combined test of lung ultrasound B-line score, diaphragmatic rapid shallow breathing index, right diaphragmatic excursion, and diaphragmatic thickness for weaning in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients was 0.931, which was larger than separate test (P < 0.05). Conclusion Lung ultrasound B-line score combined with diaphragm function-related parameters has a high predictive value for weaning in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients.

  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(02): 111-116.
    糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)和恶性肿瘤(malignant tumor,MT)是影响人类身心健康的两大疾病,胰岛素抵抗是2型糖尿病(type II diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的主要发病机制。巨噬细胞在肿瘤免疫应答过程中起重要作用,且在糖尿病患者中高度浸润并产生C-X-C基序趋化因子配体5(chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 5,CXCL5)。肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumourassociated Macrophages,TAMs)/M2型巨噬细胞高度浸润于肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)中并分泌CXCL5,CXCL5可通过促进肿瘤微血管生成及与其靶基因结合进一步调节TME进而影响MT的发生、发展及预后。本文就CXCL5的分子特征、相关通路以及CXCL5在T2DM与MT相关性中的研究进展做一评述,以期为临床在T2DM与MT的治疗和改善结局方面开启新思路与新方法。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(01): 93-93.
    <正>在2023年疫情防控平稳过渡的关键时期,我们的医学专家以坚定的信念和不懈的努力,全心全意地投身于医学基础与临床研究及患者的救治工作中,用实际行动践行了医者仁心的使命。在完成繁重的科研和临床救治任务的同时,仍挤出宝贵的时间,为《西南医科大学学报》撰写了专家述评、专家论坛等高质量的学术论文,并积极参与审稿工作,为期刊的发展提供了强大支持,也极大地提升了刊出论文的学术水平、质量和层级。借此,本刊编辑部,对各位专家表示崇高敬意和衷心感谢!恭祝各位专家及家人新年快乐,福暖四季,顺遂安康!
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(01): 14-14.
    <正>“讨论”是医学论文正文不可缺的重要组成部分。本刊要求作者来稿医学论文论著的讨论应围绕论文的主题、要旨及中心内容,阐明研究的原理、目的、意义;在讨论中,应将研究结果放到国内外最新最前沿的相关研究背景下进行解析、比较,说明所研究结果的创新性、亮点及重要性与价值。讨论中切勿夸大研究结果的作用与价值,报喜不报忧;应同时指出结果的可能误差,存在的问题与教训,以及研究中有无例外或尚难解释的问题;提出新的研究方向或建议与展望,给读者以启迪。讨论用语应精练、层次清楚、逻辑性强,切忌繁杂、冗长,主次不分,甚至脱离主题,或重点不突出。讨论篇幅以1500~2000个汉字符为宜。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(01): 9-9.
    <正>基于国家标准化管理委员会2022-12-30发布的《学术论文编写规则》中所述基本规则,题名是论文的总纲,是反映论文中重要特定内容的恰当、简明的词语的逻辑组合。题名不用具有主语、谓语、宾语的完整语句。题名不可太大、太笼统,应简明,一般不宜超过25个汉字;题名通常不用前缀与后缀;不用非公知公用的缩略语、字符代号;不宜用阿拉伯数字开头;尽量不用标点符号。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(05): 415-419.
    目的 探讨肝硬化患者并发门静脉血栓(portal vein thrombosis,PVT)的影响因素,并建立肝硬化患者并发PVT的风险预测模型。方法 选择2021年1月至2022年11月在南阳市中心医院治疗的139例肝硬化患者为研究对象,将其中并发PVT形成的32例患者作为PVT组,将未并发PVT的107例患者作为非PVT组,收集患者临床资料,采用logistic回归模型分析肝硬化患者并发PVT形成的危险因素,危险因素采用R(R3.5.3)软件建立预测肝硬化患者并发PVT形成的列线图风险预测模型,并验证其预测效能。结果 PVT发生率为23.02%;两组患者糖尿病、高血压、脾切除史、纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)、白细胞(white blood cells,WBC)、门静脉主干内径等资料对比差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素结果显示,伴有糖尿病、高血压、脾切除史,FIB表达降低、WBC表达升高、门静脉主干内径增加均为肝硬化患者并发PVT形成的独立危险因素(P <0.05)。基于危险因素所构建的列线图模型的模型一致性指数为0.920,校正曲线与理想曲线基本一致,AUC值为0.897。结论 伴有糖尿病、高血压、脾切除史,FIB水平降低、WBC水平升高、门静脉主干内径增加均为肝硬化患者并发PVT形成的独立危险因素,基于上述因素构建的列线图模型有助于临床预测肝硬化并发门静脉血栓形成的发生风险。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(05): 457-460.
    抑郁症是一种严重危害人们心理健康的精神疾病。母婴分离(maternal separation,MS)作为一种重要的早期社会剥夺现象,可以造成大鼠成年后焦虑、抑郁等一系列异常行为,是被广泛使用的抑郁症模型之一。以此模型为基础,大量研究者用不同治疗手段对改善MS子代抑郁进行了研究。本文就MS子代抑郁大鼠的治疗策略与进展进行综述,旨在为MS诱导子代抑郁的临床干预提供更多科学参考与建议。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(05): 395-404.
    目的 探讨MAP4K1基因在泛癌中的表达、突变、预后影响和免疫浸润,并考察其作为免疫疗法新靶点的潜力。方法 利用UCSC数据库中的泛癌数据集与GEPIA 2数据库,探究MAP4K1的表达差异和生存率关系。小提琴图展示MAP4K1在泛癌与正常组织中的差异;Kaplan-Meier曲线评估生存关联。此外,还进行了实时荧光定量PCR测定MAP4K1 mRNA水平,cBioPortal网站分析基因突变和编码顺序变化,TIMER1.0网站探索免疫浸润联系。结果 MAP4K1基因在大多数泛癌组织中的表达量高于正常组织,MAP4K1 m RNA在胰腺癌和急性髓性白血病细胞中明显高表达;而在卵巢癌细胞,黑色素瘤细胞,胶质瘤细胞中低表达,与肿瘤纯度负相关、免疫浸润正相关。基因改变频率为2.9%,以扩增和深度缺失为主,子宫内膜癌等癌症中突变频率高。此外,MAP4K1在泛癌中一共有156处突变,其中错义突变为主要类型。MAP4K1的表达与生存期关系复杂,既可能与较长生存期相关,也可能预示较短生存期。结论 本研究探究了MAP4K1在多种癌症发生和发展中的重要作用,揭示了其在癌症治疗中作为潜在靶标的可能性。这些发现能为癌症免疫治疗策略的发展提供一定的参考,可能对未来癌症治疗方法具有借鉴意义。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(01): 1-5.
    非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)是导致原发性肝癌的重要致病因素,其发病机制复杂,亟待深入研究。NASH相关的原发性肝癌是代谢性疾病导致的恶性肿瘤典型代表,揭示NASH进展为原发性肝癌的进程及其发病机制,对临床预防和治疗NASH相关原发性肝癌具有重要意义。本文就NASH进展为原发性肝癌的病因及防治策略进行述评,以期为临床研究、治疗提供参考和借鉴。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(01): 51-57.
    目的 探究肌少症与新型慢加急性肝衰竭(acute-on-chronic liver failure,ACLF)5种临床分型的关系。方法 收集2019年1月至2022年1月在首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院住院的391例ACLF患者信息以及入院时营养相关指标,按照新型临床分型将患者分为快速进展型(A型,119例)、快速恢复型(B型,156例)、缓慢进展型(C型,51例)、缓慢恢复型(D型,38例)、缓慢持续型(E型,27例),借助CT成像测量营养指标,比较不同分型患者肌少症等营养指标的检出率,探究肌少症与新型ACLF 5种临床分型的关系。结果 A型(35例,29%)和C型(18例,35%)肌少症检出率高于B型(20例,13%)、D型(3例,8%)和E型(27例,7%),差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。A型(36例,30.3%)肌脂肪变性患者检出率高于B型(29例,18.6%),C型(11例,21.6%)肌脂肪变性患者检出率高于D型(5例,13.2%),差异均有统计学意义(P=0.018)。A型(16例,13.4%)和C型(7例,13.7%)肌少性肥胖检出率高于B型(11例,7.0%)和D型(1例,2.6%),差异均有统计学意义(P=0.047)。结论 肌少症等营养指标与新型慢加急性肝衰竭5种临床分型密切相关。基线肌肉减少的ACLF患者中短期(4~12周)预后差,4周内快速进展(A型)或12周时仍缓慢进展(C型)的概率高。因此,应在ACLF诊断同时尽早评估肌少症等营养指标,以期通过有效的营养干预提高ACLF患者的整体治疗效果,改善预后,提高患者生存质量。
  • Journal of Southwest Medical University. 2024, 47(01): 6-9.
    肝脏是人体重要的消化和代谢器官,有较强的再生潜能。肝衰竭为多种原因造成肝细胞大量坏死导致的严重肝功能失代偿,病死率高,肝再生是肝衰竭救治成功与否的关键因素。目前研究显示肝再生是由多因素精确控制的复杂过程,更为具体深入的机制研究、可用于临床监测的肝再生指标及治疗靶点仍需进一步探索完善。肝衰竭患者普遍存在营养不良,包括多种营养素的摄入及利用障碍。营养不良对肝再生等病理/生理过程具有重要意义,应在肝衰竭的诊断及治疗中充分重视。本文就肝衰竭中的营养与肝再生研究进展做一述评,以期提升临床医护和研究人员的认识和系统理解,为该领域的机制研究、临床诊疗优化提供借鉴与参考,并进一步通过有效的营养干预促进肝再生,提高肝衰竭患者存活率,尤其是非肝移植患者的存活率。