牦牛是我国的特色畜种，主要栖息在中国青藏高原等高海拔区域，具有较高的经济价值。牦牛腹泻是威胁牦牛养殖的常见疾病之一，牦牛在患病后，会出现腹泻、脱水、机体消瘦等症状，甚至导致牦牛死亡，给牦牛养殖业造成巨大的经济损失。牦牛腹泻病因众多，饲养管理不当以及细菌、病毒、寄生虫等的感染均能引起腹泻。本文详细论述了牦牛在饲养过程中导致腹泻的各种病因、患病后的临床症状以及防治措施等，以期为牦牛腹泻病的防控和科学饲养提供参考。

Objectives The prevalence and drug resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae in dairy cattle with mastitis in Urumqi and its surrounding areas was investigated to provide reference for the scientific prevention and control of mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in local dairy farms. Methods 300 milk samples of dairy cattle with mastitis were collected from 5 large-scale dairy farms in Urumqi, the 12th Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC), and its surrounding areas. Streptococcus agalactiae from the samples were isolated and cultured. PCR was used to identify the bacteria. The drug resistance of the positive strains isolated was analyzed with disk diffusion method. Results The isolation rate of Streptococcus agalactiae was 8.3%, and its resistance rate to streptomycin, penicillin, gentamicin, and ampicillin was all over 50%. Its sensitivity to vancomycin, cefotaxime, and norfloxacin was more than 60%. 7 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated had multiple drug resistance. Conclusions It is recommended that dairy farms strengthen the daily management of feeding and scientifically use antibiotics, with priority given to using glycopeptides, cephalosporins, and quinolones for the prevention and control of mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in local dairy farms.

牦牛是高寒地区特有的牲畜，具有重要的经济和生态价值。作为高原地区的重要经济动物，其健康养殖不仅关乎动物福祉，也对当地经济和生态环境有着深远影响。随着对牦牛养殖需求的增加，传统养殖模式面临生长速度慢、疫病防控不足等挑战，影响了其产业的可持续发展。为此，本文简述了牦牛健康养殖的背景与重要性，探讨了其生态适应性与养殖管理技术的理论框架，分析了当前养殖现状、发展趋势，介绍了常见疾病及其防治措施、育肥管理和现代技术应用等，同时指出了面临的环境、经济与市场挑战。未来的研究方向应集中在遗传改良、营养需求的精细化、生态效应评估及市场需求与产品质量提升等方面，以推动牦牛养殖业的可持续发展。

Objectives The protection rate, degradation rate of rumen-protected choline and lysine products and their effects on production performance of cows to provide reference for the development and application of rumen-protected technology. Methods The effects of rumen-protected choline and lysine products on protecting rumen were measured through tests of rumen stability and simulated small intestine digestion in vitro. 40 healthy Holstein cows with a body weight of about 600 kg and a lactation period of about 60 days were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups including the choline group (supplemented with 30 g/(head·d) rumen-protected choline in the diet), the lysine group (supplemented with 30 g/(head·d) rumen-protected lysine in the diet), the choline + lysine group (supplemented with 30 g/(head·d) rumen-protected choline and lysine each in the diet), and the control group (without rumen -protected choline and lysine supplemented), with 10 cows in each group. The average daily dry matter intake, average daily milk yield, milk fat percentage, and milk protein percentage were measured. Results The rumen protection rates of rumen-protected choline and lysine treated for 2 hours were both above 84%, and the degradation rate of small intestine after 2 hours of treatment was 79.23% and 81.76%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the dry matter intake of other three groups significantly increased by 11.20%, 8.06%, and 11.76%, and the daily milk yield of other three groups significantly increased by 8.02%, 7.86%, and 9.53%, respectively. There was no significant difference in milk protein rate between the groups. Conclusions It is indicated that the addition of rumen-protected choline and lysine to feed has good rumen protection and small intestine release effects, which can improve the production performance of cows to various degrees.

Objectives The effects of lipid sources in feed on the growth and quality of fish were studied to provide more theoretical references for the rational selection of lipid sources in fish feed and the development of low-cost feed. Methods The effects of applying different lipid sources in fish feed at home and abroad were summarized. The effects of different lipid sources on the growth and quality of fish were analyzed. Results Fish oil is more suitable for the growth of fish, but replacing fish oil with appropriate proportions of plant oil can promote the utilization of feed and the growth of fish while ensuring the content of essential fatty acid in fish. Conclusions Plant oil can partially replace the fish oil as a lipid source in feed under the condition of ensuring the normal growth and reproduction of fish.

为进一步提高畜禽粪污资源化利用率，改善畜禽养殖污染环境治理情况，本文以贵州黔南州为例，分析了当地畜禽养殖粪污存在的问题及原因，调查了畜禽粪污资源化利用现状，重点总结了发酵床垫料技术改良的路线、主要参数，种养循环示范基地建设的标准以及所取得的成效，最后从提高污染防治意识、完善地方性法规政策、加快粪污处理技术研究以及加强宣传引导和扶持力度等方面提出了粪污资源化利用的优化路径，为促进黔南州畜禽养殖业绿色健康发展，加快畜禽粪污资源化利用转型升级提供了参考。

牛病毒性腹泻是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒感染牛引起牛发生呼吸道疾病、免疫抑制及生殖障碍等特征的急性、高度接触性传染病。由于牛感染该病后与其他引起牛腹泻的病症类似，需要根据不同的情况选择相应的检测方法，及时切断BVDV牛群间的相互传播，减少因感染该病而造成的经济损失。因此，建立快速、准确的检测方法对该病的防控尤为重要。本文综述了牛病毒性腹泻病原及用于检测该病的检测方法，如病毒分离鉴定、RT-PCR、微滴式数字RT-PCR（dd-PCR）、纳米PCR、二温式PCR等检测技术，以期为牛病毒性腹泻的科学检测、诊断及防控提供理论基础。

Objectives The effects of different levels of nutrition in feed on the performance of fattening and economic benefits of hybrid beef cattle were studied to optimize the nutrition formula and fattening plan for hybrid beef cattle. Methods 90 Simmental crossbred bulls with similar body weight, physical condition, and health were randomly divided into the experimental group Ⅰfed with high level of protein in diet, the group Ⅱ fed with medium level of protein in diet and the group Ⅲ fed with low high level of protein in diet. The feeding experiment lasted 300 days. The body weight, the cost of feed, and the economic benefits of beef cattle were measured and analyzed. Results The total weight gain in the group I, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ reached 277.7-337.1 kg, with an average daily gain of 925.7-1 123.6 g. The difference in total weight gain and average daily weight gain during the period of fattening between the experimental group I and the experimental group Ⅱ was not significant (P>0.05), but both were significantly higher than that in the experimental group Ⅲ (P<0.05). The cost of feed in the experimental group Ⅲ during the period of fattening was the highest, reaching 6 558 yuan/head, followed by that in the experimental group Ⅱ and the experimental group I, at 5 796 yuan/head and 5 298 yuan/head, respectively. The net profit in the experimental group Ⅱ was 1 242 yuan/head, which was the highest among the three experimental groups, higher than that in the experimental group I and the experimental group Ⅲ at 543 yuan/head and 519 yuan/head, respectively. Conclusions It can be determined that the level of nutrition in the experimental group Ⅱ is most suitable for fattening hybrid beef cattle based on comprehensively analyzing the weight gain and economic benefits in each experimental group during the period of fattening.

牛大肠杆菌病是一种由致病性大肠杆菌感染引起的急性传染病，多发于犊牛，根据疾病表现不同，临床分为败血型、中毒型和肠炎型3种，均会导致病牛出现严重的临床症状，造成较为严重的经济损失。该病多因饲养管理方式不当而使牛群感染致病性大肠杆菌，并在肠道中大量繁殖及产生毒素，从而引起发病。落实对妊娠母牛接种疫苗能最大程度降低犊牛感染率，同时加强对妊娠母牛和新生犊牛的饲养管理，并保持良好的饲养环境，必要时进行药物预防，可有效预防犊牛大肠杆菌病的发生；治疗以抗菌消炎为原则，同时辅助补液、增强机体抵抗力可显著缩短病程，抗菌药物以筛选高效敏感药物为最佳。

为了推进我国现代畜牧业肉牛规模化养殖技术的研究和应用，促使肉牛养殖产业健康发展，本文指出了我国目前肉牛规模化养殖存在优质牛源缺乏、肉质欠佳、不满足市场需求、对质量监管力度不足等问题；针对问题提出了改进措施：引进和培育优质肉牛品种，精心配制优质饲料合理喂养肉牛，加强肉牛疫病的防治工作，提高肉牛质量安全监测水平；为了保障肉牛规模化养殖技术得到广泛应用，要加大政策支持和经济补助的力度，要持续完善肉牛规模化养殖体系建设和产业链，以期推动肉牛规模化养殖健康发展。

Objectives The characteristics of seasonal behavior of giant pandas were studied to provide reference for managing and farming giant pandas more effectively. Methods A target animal sampling method was used to conduct one-year study on the behavior of four giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) divided by age into an adult group (5.5-20 years old) and an elderly group (over 20 years old) at Chongqing Zoo from October 2017 to October 2018. Results The main difference in behavior of the adult and the elderly giant pandas was the behavior of resting (61.33% ± 3.88%) and the behavior of feeding (22.89% ± 4.5%). There were significant differences in behavior among giant pandas of different ages. In the elderly group, grooming, resting, excessive grooming, and stereotyped behavior was significantly higher than that in the adult group, while the behavior of feeding and activity was significantly lower than that in the adult group. There was significant difference in the behavior of giant pandas in Chongqing Zoo during the four seasons, except for their modification behavior. There was significant difference in feeding, activity, rest, excessive modification, stereotyped behavior, and other behaviors among the four seasons, with feeding behavior in summer being the lowest among the four seasons. Conclusions The feeding behavior was related to the season, with the summer climate being hot and the feeding behavior being the shortest. There was a negative correlation between feeding behavior and resting behavior, indicating that the longer the feeding behavior, the shorter the resting behavior. Increasing the abundances can enhance the behavior of activity, and providing the abundance of food and odor is more effective than providing environmental abundances for elderly giant pandas.

为了使生猪产业实现健康可持续发展,本文简述了我国生猪产业现状;针对品种、饲料、环境、疾病等方面的问题,提出了生猪产业高效健康养殖关键技术要点:选择合适的品种,优化猪群结构,改善饲养环境,采取严格疾病防控措施,优化生猪饲料,运用信息化数字化养殖技术实现生猪精细化饲养管理等。以助力生猪产业实现高品质、高产量、高收益的可持续发展。

[目的]比较不同模式下罗氏沼虾的标粗效果,以期筛选出较好的标粗模式,进一步提升稻虾共作综合效益。[方法]采用温棚土池、温棚陆基智能化循环水圆池、池塘网箱3种不同模式进行罗氏沼虾苗的标粗培育,并检测不同标粗模式下罗氏沼虾的成活率、变异系数及特定生长率。[结果]3种模式的成活率分别为24.8%、35.6%、34.45%,变异系数分别为19.97%、13.64%、20.97%,特定生长率分别为4.43%、3.67%、3.23%。[结论]3种模式中,温棚陆基圆池智能化循环水养殖模式的成活率和整齐度优于其他2种模式,更适于罗氏沼虾苗标粗,利于成虾养殖。

[目的]为进一步提升农民技能培训的积极性与实效性。[方法]基于受训农民文化程度较低、年龄结构偏老龄化等特点,针对传统农民培训存在的问题,以水产养殖技能培训为例,通过依托短视频平台,构建短视频教学资源库,作为农民培训的课后拓展知识内容,并系统分析短视频教学资源在农民培训中的作用。[结果]培训效果反馈良好,农民参加培训的积极性与实效性明显提高。[结论]在农民培训中加入短视频拓展资源能有效提升培训的效果和质量,可以为其他专业农民技能培训提供借鉴。

生猪养殖业一直是我国畜牧业的重要组成部分，但断奶前仔猪死亡率高的问题一直困扰着生猪养殖户，不仅给其造成严重的经济损失，而且严重挫伤了养殖户的积极性。究其原因，主要是此阶段仔猪的适应能力差、免疫力低下，但生长速度较快，故较易感染疾病，导致仔猪弱小乃至死亡。为此，本文介绍了断奶前仔猪的发育特点：出生应激，生长速度快，体温调节能力及免疫力低下；简述了提高断奶前仔猪成活率的主要措施：尽早摄取足够的初乳（分离哺乳、固定乳头、分批次哺乳），补充铁盐，减少踏压，为仔猪创造舒适的环境，合理寄养。以期给生猪养殖户以及相关人员提供参考与借鉴，助其降低断奶前仔猪死亡率，从而提高养殖积极性。

禽流感是由A型流感病毒引起的人畜共患传染病，在我国被列为Ⅰ类传染病，临床症状表现为咳嗽、喷嚏、呼吸困难、啰音、颜面部水肿、冠和肉髯发绀、腹泻和神经紊乱、角质鳞片出血、蛋鸡产蛋量和蛋的品质下降等，传染性强，死亡率高，给养禽业造成巨大经济损失。对该病的防控主要采取综合性措施，结合该病的流行病学特点，通过外防输入杜绝传染源，结合科学合理规划养殖场、加强饲养管理、建立健全疫情防控制度、疫苗免疫接种，来切断传播途径和增强家禽自身抵抗力，最大程度降低禽流感的发生率，保障养殖业的健康发展。

噬菌体治疗鸡大肠杆菌病是当前研究的一个热点。本文综述了近年来该领域的研究进展，介绍了鸡大肠杆菌病的病原性及其对养殖业的危害，详细阐述了噬菌体的特点及其在鸡大肠杆菌病治疗中的应用潜力。噬菌体具有高度专一性、低毒性和广泛的宿主范围，可以针对不同的大肠杆菌菌株进行定向治疗。尽管噬菌体治疗鸡大肠杆菌病在实践中仍面临稳定性、安全性和规模化生产等问题，但作为1种新型治疗方法，它具有广阔的应用前景。

鸡痘是由鸡痘病毒引起的鸡的1种急性、接触性传染病，该病多以皮肤痘疹或口腔、咽喉黏膜的纤维素性坏死性炎症为主要表现特征。病鸡多由皮肤损伤引起痘病毒感染所致，皮肤表面的痘痂破损后，大肠杆菌入侵机体，继发大肠杆菌病，造成机体混合感染，死亡率增加，严重影响养殖业的经济效益。目前，多采取预防为主、治疗为辅的防疫原则，及时接种鸡痘疫苗和改善鸡舍环境卫生是有效防控疾病的前提，同时配合头孢噻呋钠和丁胺卡那药物进行治疗，及时稳定鸡群状态，降低养殖户经济损失。

生猪养殖过程中，猪副嗜血杆菌病较为常见，属于1种烈性传染性细菌病。病猪死亡率较高，且临床治疗效果欠佳，使养猪业面临严重的经济损失。为降低该疾病的不良影响，养猪环节应注重对该疾病的防治工作，通过采取严格控制养殖环境、注重全场综合消毒、科学免疫及药物预防等措施，有效防治猪副嗜血杆菌病，提高养殖经济效益。

母猪配种后受胎率较低是当前养猪业饲养管理过程中常见的问题之一，其不仅会给养殖场造成饲料等养殖成本的增加，而且还会严重制约养殖场的可持续发展。为此，本文对影响母猪受胎率的不同饲养管理因素进行了简要分析，并据此提出了改善母猪受胎率的策略：改善养殖环境、做好饲养工作、做好母猪的初配工作、做好母猪发情鉴定和做好疾病预防工作等。通过这些以期提高母猪的受胎率、促进母猪养殖经济效益的提升，为母猪养殖的健康发展奠定理论基础和技术保障。

Objectives To provide a theoretical basis for the feed utilization of agricultural by-product resources in animal production. Methods The advantages of fermented feeds from agricultural by-products were briefly described and the utilization of fermented feeds from agricultural by-products in animal production was summarized based on reviewing relevant literature. Results The utilization of microbial fermentation of agricultural by-products can not only reduce toxins and anti-nutritional factors in agricultural by-products, and improve their palatability, but also promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients by livestock and poultry in agricultural by-products. Conclusions Microbial fermentation technology can promote the utilization of fermented feeds from agricultural by-products and provide strong support for the stable development of animal husbandry.

Objectives The innovation and practice of the teaching pattern of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine major in higher vocational education were studied to better adapt to the technological innovation and changes in talent demand in the animal husbandry and veterinary industry. Methods The contents of course were dynamically adjusted by analyzing the developing trend of industrial technology. The input of practical teaching resources was increased. The integration of industry, academia, and research was strengthened. Results The practical operation and innovation abilities of students were significantly improved by regularly revising the system of curriculum, strengthening the teaching of practice, and establishing mechanisms of collaborative innovation. Conclusions The innovation and practice of the teaching pattern of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine major in higher vocational education under the background of the new era can not only meet the technological and talent needs of the industry, but also promote the close integration of education and industry, laying a solid foundation for the sustainable development of the animal husbandry and veterinary medicine industry.

生猪产业是甘肃省景泰县畜牧业生产的支柱产业，为了进一步推进其发展，本文通过对景泰县生猪产业发展现状进行分析发现，景泰县生猪产业在良种繁育、产业标准化、屠宰加工等方面取得了较好的成效，但也存在组织化程度不高、粪污处理技术不成熟、推广体系作用发挥有限、产业用地供应不足等问题。针对存在的问题提出了：建设产业体系、实施品牌经营战略，推动种养结合、发展适度规模经营，搭建服务平台、优化农技推广体系，加强布局规划、推动产业转型升级等对策建议，以期为推动景泰县生猪产业高质量发展提供参考。

羊布鲁氏菌病是由羊种布鲁氏菌感染所引起的1种人畜共患病，羊患病后主要症状表现为生殖器损伤、胎膜发炎、关节炎、不孕及流产等。该病易感性强，发病率高，不仅危害养羊业生产，对人类的健康及公共卫生安全也有较大危害。目前，羊布鲁氏菌病没有有效的治疗方法，对发病羊直接淘汰，做无害化处理。通过全场消毒、接种疫苗、定期检疫检测以及加强防范意识等防控措施，可以预防羊布鲁氏菌病的发生和流行，确保羊群健康生长，维护公共卫生安全。

母牛产后胎衣不下是肉牛养殖中常见的母牛产科疾病之一，是指母牛产犊后8~12 h仍未见胎衣排出，该病若治疗不及时，会导致滞留子宫内的胎衣腐败变性，从阴道内流出恶臭液体，致使母牛发生子宫内膜炎，导致发情推迟、屡配不孕，严重的会导致母牛极度消瘦而亡，给肉牛养殖业带来严重的经济损失。在防治实践中，采用药物治疗和胎盘剥离手术，能取得良好的效果，同时指导养牛场（户）建立科学的饲养管理方法，如加强母牛饲养管理，及时治愈产道炎症，确保日粮营养供给平衡，有计划地实施产前、产后药物预防，以及有效预防易造成流产和胎衣不下的布鲁氏菌病，从而降低该病的发生率，保障肉牛养殖业健康发展。

Objectives To solve the problems of incomplete development of digestive and immune systems in weaned piglets. Methods The biological functions of honeysuckle extract and its effects on weaned piglets were analyzed and summarized by combining literature review with production practice. Results Honeysuckle extract, as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has various biological activities and functions including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune regulation. Honeysuckle extract can improve the gastrointestinal health of piglets through various pathways including promoting the growth of intestinal villi, protecting the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier, and regulating the structure of intestinal microbiota. Honeysuckle extract can enhance the immune function of piglets by increasing levels of immunoglobulin, regulating immune balance, and enhancing the immune response of the body. Conclusions Honeysuckle extract can be used as a feed additive instead of antibodies.

Objectives The effects of applying and promoting the comprehensive farming technology and model of rice-fish and black carp in Baise were analyzed to provide reference for promoting the scientific and rational development of the comprehensive farming industry of rice and fish. Methods The demonstration bases/sites, and farmers of promoting the application of " Comprehensive Farming Technology for Black Carp and Rice-Fish in Baise " within the scope of Baise City were investigated, and the project data from 2017 to 2022 were collected. The difference was analyzed by Chi-square test. Results The effects of applying and promoting the farming technology was significant, with the farming area developed from 13.2 hm² in 2017 to 916.3 hm² in 2022. Since the implementation of the project in 2018, except for fluctuations in the growth rate in 2021, all other years had a positive growth year-on-year. After applying and promoting the farming technology, the total yield and unit area yield of black carp in rice fields in 2022 significantly increased by 111.11% and 11.52% compared to 2018. The total yield and unit area yield of rice significantly increased by 104.43% and 15.57%, respectively. Conclusions The comprehensive farming technology for black carp and rice-fish in Baise is a mature and an important circular ecological agricultural technology that can be widely integrated and extended.

Objectives The drug resistance characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus iniae from fish to different antibiotics and its correlation with drug efficacy in the practice of production were studied to provide a reference for rational drug use in fish derived Streptococcus infections. Methods Statistical comparison of the reported literature from 2013 to 2022 and the resistance characteristics of 183 strains of fish derived streptococci purified and isolated in the author's laboratory to 13 conventional antibiotics was conducted. Evaluate The scientific guidance of drug sensitivity testing was evaluated based on drug efficacy in the practice of production. Results 141 strains of S. agalactiae had high resistance rates to sulfadiazine, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, neomycin, and 42 strains of S. iniae had high resistance rates to sulfadiazine and neomycin, with rates of 100%, 100%, 99%, 82%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. 141 strains of S. agalactia and 42 strains of S. iniae had no resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, lofloxacin and florfenicol, which were similar to the types of drugs with high and low resistance rates reported in literature from 2013 to 2022. Sulfonamide drugs with high resistance rates determined by drug sensitivity testing had an effective rate of over 75% in the treatment of fish derived Streptococcus infections. Conclusions It is indicated that sulfonamides, florfenicol, and other drugs in the susceptibility test of fish Streptococcus are not applicable according to the existing judgment standards, and new judgment standards and dosage instructions for fishing drugs should be established. The results of testing sensitivity in vitro of fish derived Streptococcus to drugs including florfenicol, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin is inconsistent with the drug efficacy in the practice of clinics. Therefore, antibiotics should be used cautiously in case of single infection.

Objectives In order to promote the reform of teaching Veterinary Internal Science and educate application-type talents in veterinary. Methods The reform paths of teaching suitable for educating talents in veterinary internal medicine were explored by visiting universities and enterprises, combining the situation of teaching for undergraduates and adopting a teaching model integrating the on-site teaching with case studies. Results The existing system of teaching in Veterinary Internal Science was enriched and a teaching model with characteristics of major course was formed with paths including teaching design, screening and use of case, and improvement of on-site teaching. Conclusions On-site teaching and case studies as the main methods to train the dialectical thinking ability of students can ensure the quality of teaching in undergraduates and stimulate their learning potential. This method will be conducive to educate application-type talents in veterinary.

Objectives In order to promote the reform of animal medicine major and cultivate the high-level applied talents who can adapt to the strategy of rural revitalization. Methods The problems in the education of animal medicine major at Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University were analyzed to find the bottleneck that hinders students from engaging in rural revitalization in the future. Ways to improve students' ability to hands-on practice and link theory with the practice in Xizang were explored. Results The practical learning hours of students increased through reforming the education model. Students' aversion to experimental animals was reduced. The problem of limited practical opportunities for students and insufficient teachers under dispersed internships was solved. Teaching was enabled to link theory with practice. The regret of fewer experimental animals was partially made up. The channel between the cultivation of animal medicine talent and rural revitalization was opened up. Conclusions Various means of teaching reform can improve the practical ability of students majoring in animal medicine, enable students to give play to their professional skills in veterinary medicine, and better serve the rural revitalization in Xizang.

Objectives In order to optimize the model of educating animal husbandry and veterinary medicine talents and improve the quality of training applied talents in vocational colleges. Methods The problems in the education mechanism of animal husbandry and veterinary majors in Guangdong vocational colleges were analyzed. The program for educating talents in the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary major was explored by taking the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary at Maoming Vocational College of Agricultural and Forestry Technology in Guangdong Province as an example. Results The education goal of " building morality and cultivating people, emphasizing moral integrity and technical skills " was established by building a platform for integrating industry with education, deepening the cooperation between college and enterprise, and optimizing the mechanisms of evaluating talents. A mode of educating talent with the notion of " integrating industry with education, dual-oriented ability, double certification" form. Conclusions The education model established will provide theoretical reference for improving the quality of educating talents in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine in Guangdong region, promoting the development of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine major, and deepening the cooperation between college and enterprise.

为了解兰坪县养鸡业发展现状，查找存在的问题，并切实指导兰坪县养鸡业发展。笔者通过走访、文献调研、专题座谈会等方式，聚焦兰坪县养鸡业。本文从兰坪县养鸡场（户）分布、数量、2022年鸡存出栏、养殖规模等方面介绍了兰坪县养鸡业现状，指出了养鸡业发展面临的困难问题：生物安全基础设施薄弱、养鸡场（户）动物防疫意识不强、养殖规模程度低、缺乏家禽集中屠宰场（点）、特色鸡得不到开发等，提出了兰坪县养鸡发展对策：提升养殖规模标准、提高疫情防控水平、扶持龙头企业、建设家禽集中屠宰场（点）等，以期为兰坪养鸡业发展提供参考。

为了推动呼伦贝尔市柞蚕产业高质量发展，本文总结了呼伦贝尔市柞蚕产业现状，包括柞蚕生产、柞蚕科技、柞蚕生产效益等；指出了呼伦贝尔市柞蚕发展面临的问题，包括关键技术和单位面积产量亟待提高、产业发展标准化体系建设不完善、适应性柞蚕新品种培育推广应用工作需加快步伐、柞蚕品种审认定工作程序急需完善、生产遭受农药药害大等方面的挑战等；提出了呼伦贝尔市柞蚕高质量发展要坚持绿色发展、优化发展环境、增强科技创新能力、建设技术创新中心、实施种业振兴、培育品牌效应、加强技术交流等一系列对策建议，以期为呼伦贝尔市柞蚕产业高质量发展提供借鉴参考。

Objectives The new characteristics of developing feed industry under the pattern of dual circulation were summarized and the actuality of training professionals in feed industry with vocational education was analyzed to propose ways of innovating the mechanism for training professionals in feed industry. Methods The points of breakthrough in innovating the mechanism for training professionals in feed industry were studied by analyzing the actual ideas of education and teaching, and career needs of vocational education. Results The deviation between ideas of vocational education and vocational needs, the deviation between the education and teaching and the orientation of training professionals, and insufficient systems of the openness and innovation of training professionals were analyzed to provide ideas for the innovation of mechanisms for training professionals in feed industry. Conclusions Establishing a system of training professionals guided by the needs of professionals in feed industry, constructing an integrated model for training professionals, and creating an open and innovative environment of training professionals are conducive to the innovation of mechanism for training professionals in feed industry with vocational education.

Objectives The model for training professionals in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine in higher vocational colleges was proposed by focusing on the needs of building a skill-based society. Methods The animal husbandry and veterinary medicine major of Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College was used to analyze the challenges faced by the higher vocational colleges in training professionals. The methods of training skilled talents were mined by combining the teaching characteristics of major with the direction of training talents. A novel model of the collaborative dual-cycle education through colleges-enterprises partnerships was established by adopting advanced concepts of education and further improving the cooperation mechanism between colleges and enterprises. Results The shift from theory teaching to skill-oriented teaching was achieved and the bottleneck of training professionals in the building of a skill-oriented society was figured out through deepening the reform of the curriculum system and establishing the model of training professionals with the collaborative dual-cycle education through colleges-enterprises partnerships. Conclusions The training of professionals in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine in higher vocational colleges should focus on the requirements of professionals in a skill-oriented society, and accurately align the curriculum standards with the job standards of enterprises, which is more conducive to training professionals with high-quality in society and enterprises.

Objectives The teaching of Feed Analysis and Testing in the classroom was combined with subject contest to further improve the enthusiasm and practical ability of students in the course of Feed Analysis and Testing and strengthen the training of innovative talents in animal science. Methods The course of Feed Analysis and Testing was reformed by discussing the necessity of feed testing, the importance for the subject contest, and the integration of feed testing and the subject contest. Results The learning interests, bench working, and innovative abilities of students were significantly improved by introducing the subject contest into the course Feed Analysis and Testing. Conclusions Facilitating the reform of teaching Feed Analysis and Testing in classroom through the subject contest helps to improve the enthusiasm and practical abilities of teachers and students, train their innovative abilities, and provide innovative talents for society.

为了解贵州省黔南州病死畜禽无害化处理体系建设发展现状，查摆存在的问题，提出解决方案，促进黔南州病死畜禽无害化处理工作进程，为畜牧业健康发展做好保障。本文总结了黔南州病死畜禽无害化处理工作情况，分析黔南州病死畜禽无害化处理体系建设情况，包括病死畜禽无害化处理中心项目建设、配套设施建设、制定相应的政策措施等。当前，黔南州病死畜禽无害化处理体系建设过程中存在配套设施不足、监管不到位、养殖保险覆盖不全、病死畜禽无害化处理补助机制不完善等问题。为此，要积极推进无害化处理项目建设，加大财政支持，提升配套水平，增加保险覆盖，优化补贴政策，严格监管，大力打击违法行为等，从而建立病死动物无害化处理长效监管机制。

牛创伤性网胃炎和心包炎指在养殖过程中牛误食铁钉、钢丝、小铁块等金属异物致使网胃刺穿发生病理损伤，治疗不及时容易转变为牛创伤性网胃炎和心包炎，严重影响牛的生产性能和健康性能，给养殖户造成巨大经济损失。本文总结了牛创伤性网胃炎和心包炎的发病病因、临床症状、诊断方案和预防方法，采用磁铁将金属异物取出，口服磺胺类药物防止病牛感染的保守治疗方案对该疾病进行治疗，通过后期护理2例病牛精神状态恢复良好。

肉牛异食癖是一种由自伤性异食行为而引发的复杂临床综合征，可导致病牛消化功能出现障碍，引发腹泻、便秘等其他并发症或者疾病，从而弱化肉牛生产性能，严重损害肉牛养殖的经济效益。通过了解诱发病因，保证饲料营养丰富均衡、牛舍放置营养舔舐砖、保持牛舍干净卫生、加强肉牛饲养管理等措施，可有效防控肉牛异食癖的发生，提高肉牛生产效益。

猪轮状病毒感染是一种急性胃肠道传染性疾病，临床以呕吐、腹泻和脱水为主要特征，初生仔猪的发病率和病死率较高。近年来，猪轮状病毒在我国的检出率呈上升趋势，且临床可见多种基因型混合感染，从而加剧仔猪腹泻症状甚至导致死亡，严重影响生猪养殖的规模化发展。目前，主要通过构建加强生物安全管理和疫苗接种等综合性防控方案，对于病情早发现，早处理，及时降低养殖环境中的病毒载量，从而快速有效控制疫情蔓延。