Objective To survey college students' willingness of to study micro-majors and related influencing factors, and to provide constructive suggestions for colleges and universities to set up "micro-majors". Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate the understanding and willingness to study micro-majors of 793 college students in Chongqing colleges and universities and structural equation models was used to analyze its influencing factors. Results The study found 61.03% of college students did not understand micro-majors, 52.96% of college students were explicitly willing to enroll in micro-majors, and 36.32% of college students may have ideas but are uncertain. There was a significant difference in behavioral intention scores by gender, knowledge of the micro-profession, and knowledge of the training model of the program. Behavioral attitude, subjective norms, and perceptual behavior control all had significant positive effects on college students' behavioral intention to study micro-majors. Conclusion College students in Chongqing have a low level of understanding of micro-majors and show a positive attitude towards micro-majors, and have a certain willingness and confidence to study. The main reason why students are willing to study micro-majors is mainly to improve their professional knowledge and practical ability, and increase their employment opportunities after graduation. When setting up micro-majors, colleges and universities should increase publicity, identify the positioning of micro-majors, grasp their difficulty, carefully consider curriculum settings, and at the same time, strengthen school-enterprise cooperation to improve college students' willingness to study micro-majors, so as to cultivate the comprehensive professional literacy of college students and deliver compound professionals with multidisciplinary cross-knowledge systems to the society.