静电纺丝制备抗菌性聚乳酸纳米纤维膜的研究进展

冯笑琳, 李旭明

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中国高校科技期刊信息汇聚平台
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塑料科技 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (03) : 176-180. DOI: 10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.03.031
综述

静电纺丝制备抗菌性聚乳酸纳米纤维膜的研究进展

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Research Progress of Preparation of Antibacterial Polylactic Acid Nanofiber Membrane by Electrospinning

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History +

摘要

聚乳酸（PLA）是可生物降解的绿色环保材料。随着人们环保以及安全意识的提高，关于PLA抗菌性能的研发越来越受到关注。文章综述单针头静电纺丝法、同轴静电纺丝法、乳液静电纺丝法对所制备的抗菌性PLA纳米纤维膜的影响，介绍抗菌性PLA纳米纤维膜的种类及其抗菌机理，总结抗菌性PLA纳米纤维膜在医用敷料、包装、过滤等领域的应用。结果表明：不同的静电纺丝技术对PLA纳米纤维膜的抗菌性能有一定影响，其中同轴静电纺丝和乳液静电纺丝可缓解抗菌剂突释的缺点，具有较好的应用前景。不同种类的抗菌剂与PLA通过静电纺丝制备而成的纳米纤维膜均具有较好的抗菌性，但也存在一定的缺点，可根据实际需求进行选择。静电纺丝技术的制备效率较低，无法做到产业化生产，因此未来需要对静电纺丝技术进行更加深入的研究，不断提高其生产效率。此外，抗菌性PLA纳米纤维膜的重复使用性以及抗菌的持久性还有待进一步提高。

Abstract

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable and environmentally friendly material. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and safety among people, research and development of the antibacterial properties of PLA have attracted more and more attention. The article reviews the impact of single-needle electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning, and emulsion electrospinning on the antibacterial properties of PLA nanofiber membranes. It introduces the types of antibacterial PLA nanofiber membranes and their antibacterial mechanisms, and summarizes the applications of antibacterial PLA nanofiber membranes in medical dressings, packaging, and filtration. The results show that different electrospinning techniques have a certain impact on the antibacterial properties of PLA nanofiber membranes. Among them, coaxial electrospinning and emulsion electrospinning can mitigate the drawback of burst release of antibacterial agents, showing good application prospects. Nanofiber membranes prepared from different types of antibacterial agents and PLA through electrospinning all exhibit good antibacterial properties, but they also have certain drawbacks and can be selected according to specific needs. The production efficiency of electrospinning technology is relatively low and cannot be scaled up for industrial production. Therefore, further in-depth research on electrospinning technology is needed in the future to continuously improve its production efficiency. In addition, the reusability of antibacterial PLA nanofiber membranes and the durability of their antibacterial properties still need to be further enhanced.

关键词

聚乳酸 / 静电纺丝 / 抗菌性

Key words

Polylactic acid / Electrospinning / Antibacterial property

中图分类号

TQ340.64

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导出引用
冯笑琳 , 李旭明. 静电纺丝制备抗菌性聚乳酸纳米纤维膜的研究进展. 塑料科技. 2025, 53(03): 176-180 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.03.031
FENG Xiaolin, LI Xuming. Research Progress of Preparation of Antibacterial Polylactic Acid Nanofiber Membrane by Electrospinning[J]. Plastics Science and Technology. 2025, 53(03): 176-180 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.03.031

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