利用熔融沉积成型（FDM）技术打印聚酰胺6（PA6）材料时，普遍存在打印结构发生翘曲和分层的问题，严重影响产品的质量。为分析PA6熔融沉积过程中翘曲和分层的原因，通过编写双椭球热源模型子程序Dflux，采用有限元仿真方法模拟PA6熔融沉积并结合单因素实验方案，分析打印喷头温度和打印速度对双层结构熔融成型过程中温度场的影响，进而探究PA6发生翘曲和分层的机理。结果表明：当熔融的PA6被挤出沉积时，材料开始冷却和收缩，导致打印层的收缩不均匀，不同程度的收缩会导致结构变形。其中，打印喷头温度对翘曲和分层的影响比打印速度明显。打印喷头温度越低，打印速度越快，结构越不容易发生分层。较低的打印喷头温度会使结构发生翘曲变形。

When printing Polyamide 6 (PA6) material using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology, warping and delamination of the printed structure are common issues that severely affect product quality. To analyze the causes of warping and delamination during the FDM process of PA6, a subroutine for a dual-ellipsoid heat source model, Dflux, was developed. Finite element simulation was used to model the FDM process of PA6, combined with a single-factor experimental scheme, to investigate the effects of nozzle temperature and printing speed on the temperature field during the melting and forming process of a double-layer structure. The study aimed to explore the mechanisms of warping and delamination in PA6. The results indicated that when molten PA6 is extruded and deposited, the material begins to cool and contract, leading to uneven shrinkage of the printed layers. This uneven shrinkage causes structural deformation. Among the factors studied, the nozzle temperature has a more significant impact on warping and delamination than the printing speed. Lower nozzle temperatures and higher printing speeds tend to reduce the likelihood of delamination. However, excessively low nozzle temperatures can lead to warping deformation of the structure.