将十二烷基硫酸钠和聚乙二醇300以不同比例复配后对黑滑石粉体进行表面改性，将改性后的黑滑石粉体以25%的填充量制备成黑滑石/聚丙烯（PP）复合材料。测试改性前后黑滑石粉体的吸油值、沉降体积及其复合材料的力学性能，考察处理前后黑滑石粉体及复合材料断面的微观形态。结果表明：采用十二烷基硫酸钠、聚乙二醇300质量比为3∶7的改性剂改性的黑滑石粉体分散性更好，吸油值更低，沉降体积更小；与未改性粉体相比，吸油值降低9.6 g/100 g，吸油值降低率达37.1%，沉降体积降低1.9 mL/g。力学性能研究表明，与未改性复合材料相比，复配改性黑滑石粉体与聚丙烯相容性更好，分散更均匀，复合材料E/PP的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度和弯曲模量分别显著提升了4.25 MPa、6.74 MPa、7.17 kJ/m²和458.89 MPa。

The black talc powder was surface-modified using different ratios of sodium dodecyl sulfate and polyethylene glycol 300. The modified black talc powder was then used to prepare black talc/polypropylene (PP) composite materials with a filler content of 25%. The oil absorption value and sedimentation volume of the black talc powder before and after modification, and the mechanical properties of the composite materials were tested. The microstructure of the fracture surfaces of the black talc powder and composite materials before and after treatment was also examined. The results showed that the black talc powder modified with a modifier having a mass ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate to polyethylene glycol 300 of 3∶7 had better dispersibility, lower oil absorption value, and smaller sedimentation volume. Compared with the unmodified powder, the oil absorption value was reduced by 9.6 g/100 g, with a reduction rate of 37.1%, and the sedimentation volume was decreased by 1.9 mL/g.Mechanical property studies indicated that compared with the unmodified composite materials, the black talc powder modified with the compound modifier had better compatibility with polypropylene and more uniform dispersion. The tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and flexural modulus of the E/PP composite materials were significantly increased by 4.25 MPa, 6.74 MPa, 7.17 kJ/m², and 458.89 MPa, respectively.