雾水收集为缓解全球淡水资源短缺提供出路。研究模仿纳米布沙漠甲虫背部的混合润湿性结构，3D打印仿纳米布沙漠甲虫结构。选择性地用疏水纳米SiO₂悬浮液对3D打印仿纳米布沙漠甲虫结构的基底进行表面修饰，制备混合润湿性仿纳米布沙漠甲虫结构。这种仿生结构基底表面均匀附着直径约15 nm的疏水纳米SiO₂粒子，基底上分布着由直径约1 mm的亲水性3D凸起结构组成的阵列。随着3D打印混合润湿性仿纳米布沙漠甲虫结构基底表面疏水纳米SiO₂含量的不断增加，其基底表面的接触角也逐渐增大，润湿性逐渐降低，仿生结构的集水率逐渐增大。3D打印混合润湿性仿纳米布沙漠甲虫结构集水效率可达到0.943 g/（cm²·h），约是3D打印平面样品的2.5倍。结果表明：3D凸起结构和表面润湿性梯度有利于提高3D打印仿纳米布沙漠甲虫结构的集水性能。

Fog water harvesting offers a way alleviate global freshwater shortages. In this study, the 3D printing mixed wettability biomimetic structure was inspired by the Namib desert beetle back structure. The substrates of 3D printing biomimetic Namib desert beetle structures were selectively surface-modified with hydrophobic nano-SiO₂ suspensions to prepare mixed wettability biomimetic Namib desert beetle structures. Hydrophobic SiO₂ nanoparticles with a diameter of about 15 nm were uniformly attached to the substrate surface of this biomimetic structure. The base is covered with an array of hydrophilic 3D protrusions, each with a diameter of approximately 1 mm. With the increase of hydrophobic nano-SiO₂ content on the substrate surface of 3D printing mixed wettability biomimetic Namib desert beetle structure, the water contact angle of the substrate surface increased gradually, the wettability decreased gradually, and the water collection rate of the biomimetic structure increased gradually. The water collection rate of the 3D printing mixed wettability biomimetic Namib desert beetle structure could reach 0.943 g/(cm²·h), being about 2.5 times higher than that of the 3D printing flat sample. The results show that 3D raised structures and surface wettability gradients are beneficial to improve the fog water harvesting performance of 3D printing biomimetic Namib desert beetle structure.