为提升玄武岩纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的性能，以聚多巴胺（PDA）为活性位点，将聚苯胺（PANI）修饰于玄武岩纤维（BF）表面，并与环氧树脂（EP）复合，制备BF-PDA-PANI/EP复合材料。结果显示：在不同种类及浓度的无机酸条件下，利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察PANI在BF-PDA表面的包覆情况，发现0.2 mol/L HCl条件下包覆效果最佳，同时通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）和X射线光电子能谱分析仪（XPS）进一步验证了PANI在BF表面的包覆。在0.2 mol/L HNO₃条件下合成的BF-PDA-PANI/EP复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别为7.24 MPa和23.48 MPa；在0.2 mol/L HCl条件下合成的BF-PDA-PANI/EP复合材料的悬臂梁冲击强度为27.55 MPa。与BF/EP复合材料相比，BF-PDA-PANI/EP复合材料的力学性能得到显著提升。

To enhance the properties of basalt fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites, polyaniline (PANI) was modified on the surface of basalt fiber (BF) using polydopamine (PDA) as the active site, and then combined with epoxy resin (EP) to prepare BF-PDA-PANI/EP composites. The results show that under different types and concentrations of inorganic acid conditions, the coating of PANI on the surface of BF-PDA was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the best coating effect was found under 0.2 mol/L HCl condition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were further used to verify the coating of PANI on the surface of BF. The tensile strength and flexural strength of BF-PDA-PANI/EP composites synthesized under 0.2 mol/L HNO₃ condition were 7.24 MPa and 23.48 MPa, respectively; while the cantilever beam impact strength of BF-PDA-PANI/EP composites synthesized under 0.2 mol/L HCl condition was 27.55 MPa. Compared with BF/EP composites, the mechanical properties of BF-PDA-PANI/EP composites were significantly improved.