将单壁碳纳米管（SWCNTs）进行非共价修饰后，与环氧树脂（EP）相结合，制备SWCNTs/EP复合材料。将纳米改性后的环氧树脂与碳纤维（CF）复合，制备CF/SWCNTs/EP多尺度复合材料，并对复合材料的结构和性能进行研究。结果表明：对SWCNTs进行非共价修饰处理改善了SWCNTs在EP体系中的分散性。当SWCNTs质量分数为0.005%时，复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高29.2%和46.1%，冲击强度提高47.9%，拉伸强度提升58.9%。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析SWCNTs在基体中的桥接增强机制。SWCNTs的加入提升了EP的热性能。通过溶液浸渍法制备CF/SWCNTs/EP多尺度复合材料，当SWCNTs添加质量分数为0.005%时，复合材料层合板的弯曲强度和模量分别提升22.5%和32.8%，层间剪切强度提升15.2%，基体与纤维之间的界面强度得到一定的提升。采用湿法缠绕工艺制备碳纤维压力容器，经过纳米改性后，CF/SWCNTs/EP压力容器的爆破压力比CF/EP压力容器的爆破压力高15.5%左右。

The single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were non-covalently modified and combined with epoxy resin (EP) to prepare SWCNTs/EP composites. The nanomodified epoxy resin was then compounded with carbon fiber (CF) to fabricate CF/SWCNTs/EP multiscale composites, with subsequent investigation of their structure and properties. Results demonstrate that non-covalent modification improved the dispersion of SWCNTs in the EP matrix. When the mass fraction of SWCNTs reached 0.005%, the composite exhibited significant enhancements. The flexural strength and modulus increased by 29.2% and 46.1% respectively, the impact strength improved by 47.9%, and the tensile strength rose by 58.9%. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the bridging reinforcement mechanism of SWCNTs within the matrix. The thermal properties of EP were also enhanced through SWCNTs incorporation. Using the solution impregnation method, CF/SWCNTs/EP multiscale composite laminates showed 22.5% and 32.8% improvements in flexural strength and modulus respectively at 0.005% SWCNTs loading, along with 15.2% enhancement in interlaminar shear strength and improved interfacial bonding between matrix and fibers. Carbon fiber pressure vessels fabricated via wet winding process demonstrated that the CF/SWCNTs/EP modified vessels achieved approximately 15.5% higher burst pressure compared to conventional CF/EP vessels.