针对催化剂引发聚甲醛（POM）聚合效率和可控性的问题，通过聚合实验，重点研究了催化剂和溶剂种类、催化剂添加量以及聚合温度等条件对反应速率和转化率等的影响。结果表明：不同聚合体系制备得到的聚合物在外观、力学性能、热稳定性和加工稳定性等方面存在差异。三氟化硼体系引发速率低，需较高浓度（20 mg/kg）才可实现催化聚合。与三氟化硼催化体系相比，杂多酸引发效率较高，聚合诱导期和固化时间较短。最优浓度为5 mg/kg时，聚合实验转化率为78.2%，所合成的POM初始分解温度为367 ℃，具有更优异的热稳定性，不稳定末端基含量低，甲醛释放量较少，EGM值为72 mg/kg，VDA275值为15 mg/kg。因此，杂多酸催化聚合POM的效果更佳。

In order to solve the problem of polymerization efficiency and controllability of polyoxymethylene (POM) initiated by catalyst, the effects of catalyst and solvent types, catalyst addition amount, polymerization temperature, and other conditions on reaction rate and conversion rate were studied through polymerization experiments. The results show that the polymers prepared by different polymerization systems have differences in appearance, mechanical properties, thermal stability, processing stability and other aspects. The boron trifluoride system has a low initiation rate and requires a high concentration (20 mg/kg) to achieve catalytic polymerization. Compared with the boron trifluoride catalytic system, heteropoly, acid induction efficiency is higher, the polymerization induction period and curing time are relatively short. When the optimal concentration is 5 mg/kg, the conversion rate of the polymerization experiment is 78.2%, and the synthesized POM has better thermal stability and low content of unstable terminal groups. Besides, less formaldehyde is released and the EGM value is 72 mg/kg as well as the VDA275 value is 15 mg/kg. Therefore, heteropoly acid catalytic polymerization of POM is a more effective choice.