为了同时增加浇铸尼龙6强度和韧性，在己内酰胺单体阴离子聚合反应体系中，分别加入空心玻璃微珠、聚氨酯包覆空心玻璃微珠，制备增强增韧浇铸尼龙6复合材料。运用红外光谱表征样品的结构，表明合成了MCPA6。力学性能测试表明，与纯MCPA6相比，添加聚氨酯包覆空心玻璃微珠后样品的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和冲击强度分别提高了27.12%、48.84%和89.71%。通过扫描电镜观察冲击样品的断面，空心玻璃微珠与MCPA6基体之间有裂痕、缝隙；聚氨酯包覆空心玻璃微珠与MCPA6基体紧密结合，且断面粗糙。采用差示扫描量热仪分析样品的结晶行为，空心玻璃微珠和聚氨酯包覆空心玻璃微珠提高了复合材料的结晶温度和结晶速率。

In order to increase both the strength and toughness of monomer cast nylon 6 (MCPA6), hollow glass microspheres and hollow glass microspheres coated by polyurethane were added to the anionic polymerization reaction system of caprolactam monomer. The reinforced and toughened cast nylon 6 composites were fabricated. The structure of the samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, the results showed MCPA6 was synthesized. Compared with pure MCPA6, the addition of polyurethane coated hollow glass microspheres increased the tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength of the sample by 27.12%, 48.84%, and 89.71%, respectively. Observing the cross-section of the impact samples through scanning electron microscopy, there were cracks and gaps between the hollow glass microspheres and the MCPA6 matrix. The hollow glass microspheres coated by polyurethane were tightly bonded to the MCPA6 matrix, and the cross-section was rough. The crystallization behaviors of the samples were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, the hollow glass microspheres and the hollow glass microspheres coated by polyurethane improved the crystallization temperature and rate of the composites.