目的 分析不同混合精料对提高骑乘用滇马运动性能的作用，筛选出相对较好的精料配方。 方法 选取18匹健康、调教程度相近的骑乘用滇马（试验马均为母马，体质量130~180 kg、年龄6~9岁、体高100~120 cm的马各6匹），采用随机化区组设计方法分为6组，每组3匹进行饲养试验。在饲喂相同粗饲料的情况下，分别给马饲喂能量水平13.79、13.38、12.96、12.54、12.69、12.12 MJ/kg，蛋白水平为17.51%、16.01%、14.51%、13.01%、12.32%、11.50%的6种混合精料，在试验的第一阶段（第1～7天）、第二阶段（第8～14天）和第三阶段（第15～21天）分别测量其运动5 km后即刻、10 min和20 min后的呼吸频率、心率和直肠温度。 结果 马运动后即刻的第一阶段中，Ⅱ组马的呼吸频率最低；第二阶段的中，Ⅱ组马的直肠温度最低，分别比Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组马的直肠温度低0.37、0.27、0.33、0.55、0.60 ℃；运动后10 min时的第一阶段中，I组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组马的心率极显著高于Ⅱ组；第二阶段中，Ⅱ组马呼吸频率分别比Ⅰ组、Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组低0.66、5.00、7.33次/min；运动后20 min时的第三阶段中，Ⅱ组马的呼吸频率比I组低0.33次/min。 结论 能量水平为13.38 MJ/㎏、蛋白水平为16.01%的Ⅱ组混合精料对提高骑乘用滇马的运动性能具有积极作用。

Objectives The effects of different mixtures of refined materials on improving the exercise performance of Yunnan horses for riding were analyzed to screen out a relatively better formula of refined materials. Methods 18 healthy and similarly trained Yunnan horses for riding (horses tested were all mares with a body weight of 130-180 kg, age of 6-9 years, and height of 100-120 cm) were divided into 6 groups with randomized block design method, with 3 horses in each group for feeding experiments. Under feeding the same roughage, horses were fed with six mixtures of refined materials with energy level of 13.79, 13.38, 12.96, 12.54, 12.69, 12.12 MJ/kg and the content of protein of 17.51%, 16.01%, 14.51%, 13.01%, 12.32%, and 11.50%, respectively. The respiratory rate, heart rate, and rectal temperature were measured immediately, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes after 5 km of exercise in the first stage (1-7 days), second stage (8-14 days), and third stage (15-21 days) of the experiment, respectively. Results In the first stage of immediately after exercise, horses in group Ⅱ had the lowest respiratory rate. In the second stage, the rectal temperature of horses in group Ⅱ was the lowest, 0.37, 0.27, 0.33, 0.55, 0.60 ℃ lower than that in group Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ, respectively. In the first stage of 10 min after exercise, the heart rate of horses in group Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ. In the second stage of 10 min after exercise, the respiratory rate of horses in group Ⅱ was 0.66, 5.00, 7.33 times /min lower than that in group Ⅰ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ, respectively. In the third stage of 20 min after exercise, the respiratory rate of horses in group Ⅱ was 0.33 beats /min lower than that in group Ⅰ. Conclusions The mixture of refined materials in group Ⅱ with an energy level of 13.38 MJ/kg and the content of protein of 16.01% had a positive effect on improving the exercise performance of Yunnan horses for riding.