可降解材料增韧聚乳酸的研究进展

陈荣源, 张福鹏, 郭欢, 雷雨, 韩琳, 张忠厚, 方少明

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中国高校科技期刊信息汇聚平台
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塑料科技 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (01) : 167-172. DOI: 10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.01.031
综述

可降解材料增韧聚乳酸的研究进展

作者信息 +

Research Progress of Polylactic Acid Toughened by Degradable Materials

Author information +
History +

摘要

聚乳酸（PLA）是一种可生物降解、可再生、综合性能优异的生物基聚酯，其固有的脆性严重限制其更广泛的应用，对其进行增韧改性成为研究热点。使用不可生物降解材料会削弱PLA的降解性能，因此采用可降解材料成为增韧PLA的首选策略。文章概述PLA的结构特点及发展现状，综述国内外使用可降解材料制备全生物降解PLA复合材料的研究进展，重点阐述生物降解塑料类［聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBAT）、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（PBS）、聚己内酯（PCL）、聚羟基丁酸酯（PHB）］和天然高分子类（天然纤维、淀粉、植物油）可降解材料增韧PLA的优缺点及改进方法，并对PLA增韧改性所面临的问题进行分析，指出增强多相体系间的界面相容性以及全面提升材料的综合性能是未来全降解材料研究的重要方向。

Abstract

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable, renewable, and high-performance biopolyester. However, its inherent brittleness restricts its broader application, making toughening modification a hot spot of its research. The use of non-biodegradable materials will weaken the degradation performance of PLA, so the adoption of biodegradable materials has become the preferred strategy for toughening PLA. The paper outlines the structural characteristics and current development of PLA, summarizes the research progress of using biodegradable materials to prepare fully biodegradable PLA composites at home and abroad, focuses on the advantages, disadvantages and improvement methods of biodegradable plastics [polybutylene adipate/terephthalate (PBAT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)] and natural polymers (natural fiber, starch, vegetable oil) to toughen PLA, and points out the problems faced in toughening and modifying PLA. It is pointed out that the enhancement of the interfacial compatibility between the multiphase systems and the overall improvement of the comprehensive performance of the materials are the important directions for future research on fully degradable materials.

关键词

聚乳酸 / 可降解材料 / 增韧 / 断裂伸长率

Key words

Polylactic acid / Degradable material / Toughening / Elongation at break

中图分类号

TQ323

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导出引用
陈荣源 , 张福鹏 , 郭欢 , 等. 可降解材料增韧聚乳酸的研究进展. 塑料科技. 2025, 53(01): 167-172 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.01.031
CHEN Rongyuan, ZHANG Fupeng, GUO Huan, et al. Research Progress of Polylactic Acid Toughened by Degradable Materials[J]. Plastics Science and Technology. 2025, 53(01): 167-172 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.01.031

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基金

河南省重大科技专项(231100320200)
郑州轻工业大学重大项目成果培育项目(2022ZDPY0106)
2023年郑州市协同创新专项
郑州轻工业大学众创空间孵化项目(2023ZCKJ308)

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