PNIPAM和PNIPAM-PEI微凝胶的合成、表征及作为皮克林乳液乳化剂的研究

李明昊, 王玲, 许远航, 张帅, 李可鑫, 李佳锡, 石山

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塑料科技 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (01) : 103-108. DOI: 10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.01.019
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PNIPAM和PNIPAM-PEI微凝胶的合成、表征及作为皮克林乳液乳化剂的研究

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Synthesis, Characterization and Application of PNIPAM and PNIPAM-PEI Microgels as Emulsifiers in Pickering Emulsions

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摘要

通过无皂乳液聚合法制备聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAM)微凝胶,再以PNIPAM微凝胶为种子,N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)和聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为第二单体,叔丁基过氧化氢为引发剂,采用种子无皂乳液聚合法合成PNIPAM-PEI微凝胶。利用傅里叶红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、透射电子显微镜和动态光散射等多种手段对所得微凝胶进行详细表征,探讨其作为乳化剂形成稳定的皮克林乳液的可行性。PNIPAM和PNIPAM-PEI微凝胶均为亚微米级球体,粒度分散均匀,具有良好的分散稳定性。两种微凝胶均表现出明显的温度响应性,体积相变温度分别为32.9、34.8 ℃。另外,PNIPAM-PEI微凝胶的流体粒径随着pH值的升高而减小,表现出显著的pH值响应性。以质量浓度为1%的PNIPAM和PNIPAM-PEI微凝胶水分散液为水相,甲苯为油相,两种微凝胶分别在油水体积比为8∶4和7∶5时形成均一稳定的O/W型皮克林乳液,且所形成的乳液表现出一定的环境响应性。

Abstract

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels were prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization. Then, PNIPAM-PEI microgels were synthesized by seed soap-free emulsion polymerization with PNIPAM microgels as seeds, N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) as second monomers, and tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide as initiator. The obtained microgels were characterized in detail by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering, and the feasibility of its use as an emulsifier to form stable pickling emulsions was discussed. PNIPAM and PNIPAM-PEI microgels were submicron spheres with uniform particle size distribution and good dispersion stability. Both microgels showed obvious temperature responsiveness, with volume phase transformation temperatures of 32.9, 34.8 ℃, respectively. In addition, the fluid particle size of PNIPAM-PEI microgels decreased with the increase of pH value, showing significant pH responsiveness. With 1% PNIPAM and PNIPAM-PEI microgel water dispersions as water phase and toluene as oil phase, the two microgels formed homogeneous and stable O/W pickling emulsions when the oil-water volume ratio was 8∶4 and 7∶5, respectively, and the emulsions formed showed certain environmental responsiveness.

关键词

聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺 / 微凝胶 / 环境响应性 / 皮克林乳液 / 乳化剂

Key words

Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide / Microgel / Environmental responsiveness / Pickering emulsion / Emulsifier

中图分类号

TQ332

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李明昊 , 王玲 , 许远航 , . PNIPAM和PNIPAM-PEI微凝胶的合成、表征及作为皮克林乳液乳化剂的研究. 塑料科技. 2025, 53(01): 103-108 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.01.019
LI Minghao, WANG Ling, XU Yuanhang, et al. Synthesis, Characterization and Application of PNIPAM and PNIPAM-PEI Microgels as Emulsifiers in Pickering Emulsions[J]. Plastics Science and Technology. 2025, 53(01): 103-108 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2025.01.019

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基金

辽宁省教育厅科学研究青年项目(LJKQ20222422)

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