聚氯乙烯及其混合塑料热解脱氯技术研究进展

杨子豪, 陈宪科, 甘志端, 王永征, 牛胜利, 韩奎华

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塑料科技 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (12) : 146-153. DOI: 10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2024.12.028
综述

聚氯乙烯及其混合塑料热解脱氯技术研究进展

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Research Progress on Pyrolysis Dechlorination Technology of PVC and Its Mixed Plastics

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摘要

聚氯乙烯（PVC）作为使用范围最广的含卤塑料，在回收过程中存在氯代烃、二噁英等有毒气体的释放以及腐蚀设备管道等问题。热解脱氯技术不仅能够将含PVC废塑料进行脱氯无害化处理，还能够将废弃物转化成高附加值的化学品和燃料，并提升产物的产率和品质，是废塑料处理工业化前景技术之一。文章聚焦于国内外热解脱氯技术的研究进展，全面梳理不同脱氯技术（分步热解、吸附热解、催化热解、共热解和联合热解）的脱氯机理，总结各种影响热解脱氯效果的因素（添加剂的种类及作用方式、放置模式、掺混物种类等），剖析各技术的优劣和工业应用前景，为废塑料脱氯和回收利用工业化提供参考。

Abstract

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the most widely used halogen-containing plastic, presents challenges in terms of the emission of dangerous gases like chlorinated hydrocarbons and dioxins during the recycling process, as well as damage to equipment and pipelines. Pyrolysis technology has the potential to both dechlorinate PVC-containing waste plastics for safe disposal and transform waste into valuable chemicals and fuels, thereby enhancing product yield and quality. Pyrolysis technology is one of the promising industrial technologies for waste plastic treatment. The paper focuses on the research progress of pyrolysis dechlorination technology at home and abroad. It comprehensively sorts out the dechlorination mechanisms of different technologies, including stepwise pyrolysis, adsorption pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis, co-pyrolysis, and combined pyrolysis. Additionally, it summarises various factors that affect the dechlorination effect of pyrolysis, such as the types and modes of action of additives, placement modes, and types of admixtures. It analyses the advantages and disadvantages of each technology and its industrial application prospects to provide a reference for the industrialisation of dechlorination and recycling of waste plastics.

关键词

聚氯乙烯 / 废塑料 / 脱氯 / 热解 / 清洁化回收

Key words

Polyvinyl chloride / Waste plastic / Dechlorination / Pyrolysis / Clean recycling

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X705

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EndNote

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导出引用
杨子豪 , 陈宪科 , 甘志端 , 等. 聚氯乙烯及其混合塑料热解脱氯技术研究进展. 塑料科技. 2024, 52(12): 146-153 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2024.12.028
YANG Zi-hao, CHEN Xian-ke, GAN Zhi-rui, et al. Research Progress on Pyrolysis Dechlorination Technology of PVC and Its Mixed Plastics[J]. Plastics Science and Technology. 2024, 52(12): 146-153 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2024.12.028

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