利用4种不同的典型的相容剂和过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）对聚乳酸/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物共混体系（PLA/ABS）进行增容改性。通过力学性能测试、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、差示扫描量热分析仪（DSC）等对共混体系的相容性及结晶性能进行表征及测试。结果表明：加入相容剂可以使共混体系形成分散更好的“海-岛”相结构，拉伸强度和冲击强度最大分别提高18.23%和21.98%，但是结晶能力下降；加入相容剂和DCP后，共混体系的相结构转为“海-岛”和“海-海”相并存，拉伸强度和冲击强度最大分别提高47.99%和86.64%。相容剂和DCP对该共混体系起到协同增容的效果，提高体系结晶能力。

By utilizing four different types of typical compatibilizers and dicumyl peroxide (DCP), toughening modification was performed on the blend system of polylactic acid/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (PLA/ABS). The compatibility and crystallization properties of the blend system were characterized and tested through mechanical property tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the addition of compatibilizers could form a better dispersed "sea-island" phase structure in the blend system, with the tensile strength and impact strength increasing by up to 18.23% and 21.98%, respectively, although the crystallization capability decreased. With the addition of both compatibilizers and DCP, the phase structure of the blend system transformed into coexisting "sea-island" and "sea-sea" phases, with the maximum increases in tensile strength and impact strength of 47.99% and 86.64%, respectively. The compatibilizers and DCP synergistically enhanced the toughening effect on the blend system and improved its crystallization capability.