采用聚乳酸（PLA）作为3D打印熔融沉积成型（FDM）材料，以拉伸强度为优化指标，通过单因素试验和响应面法，系统研究打印层厚、打印角度、填充密度和打印温度4个工艺参数对PLA制件拉伸强度的影响。借助Design-Expert软件进行方差分析和参数优化，获得最优成型工艺参数组合并验证试验结果的正确性。结果表明：当打印层厚为0.2 mm、打印角度为70°、填充密度为70%、打印温度为200 ℃时，FDM打印方式的试件力学性能最佳。

Using polylactic acid (PLA) as the material for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing, the study optimized tensile strength as the performance indicator. By conducting single-factor tests and employing response surface methodology (RSM), the effects of four main process parameters (printing layer thickness, printing orientation, infilling density, and printing temperature) on the tensile strength of PLA specimens were systematically investigated. Variance analysis and parameter optimization were performed using Design-Expert software, leading to the determination and validation of the optimal process parameter combination. The results showed that the optimal mechanical properties of FDM-printed specimens was achieved with a printing layer thickness of 0.2 mm, a printing orientation of 70°, an infilling density of 70%, and a printing temperature of 200 ℃.