为提升三氧化二锑（Sb₂O₃）在聚丙烯（PP）中的相容性、分散性和阻燃效果，工业上常利用表面改性剂对Sb₂O₃进行改性处理。研究采用铝酸酯偶联剂DL-411对Sb₂O₃进行湿法表面改性，实验考察改性Sb₂O₃的浆液pH值、铝酸酯偶联剂DL-411用量、改性时间、改性温度等因素对改性后Sb₂O₃（Al-Sb₂O₃）的水接触角和Al-Sb₂O₃/液体石蜡悬浮液黏度的影响；利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）对改性前后的Sb₂O₃与铝酸酯偶联剂DL-411进行表征。确定改性的较优工艺条件为pH值9、铝酸酯偶联剂DL-411质量分数1.5%、改性时间5 min、改性温度30 ℃。将上述条件下得到的Al-Sb₂O₃与十溴二苯乙烷（DBDPE）复配为阻燃剂，在质量分数25%的添加量下与PP熔融共混制得复合阻燃材料，测试其阻燃及力学性能和熔体流动速率，用热重分析仪（TG）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征其热稳定性以及微观形貌。相比于同样添加量的PP/SbBr复合阻燃材料，PP/Al-SbBr复合阻燃材料的阻燃及力学性能显著提升。结果表明：调整适宜pH值后，在接近室温的环境和较短的改性时间下，用铝酸酯偶联剂DL-411改性的Sb₂O₃也可以较好地提升复合材料的阻燃性能并减少力学性能的劣化。

To enhance the compatibility, dispersibility, and flame retardant effect of antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃) in polypropylene (PP), Sb₂O₃ is often modified by surface modifiers in industry. This study employed the aluminate coupling agent DL-411 for the wet surface modification of Sb₂O₃. The experiments investigated the effects of slurry pH, DL-411 dosage, modification time, and modification temperature on the water contact angle of modified Sb₂O₃ (Al-Sb₂O₃) and the viscosity of Al-Sb₂O₃/liquid paraffin suspension. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) characterization was conducted on Sb₂O₃ before and after modification with aluminate coupling agent DL-411. The optimized conditions for the modification were determined as follows: pH value9, DL-411 mass fraction of 1.5%, modification time of 5 min, and modification temperature of 30 ℃. The obtained Al-Sb₂O₃, compounded with decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) as a flame retardant, was melt-blended with PP at a 25% mass fraction. The composite flame retardant material was tested for flame retardancy, mechanical properties, and melt flow rate. A thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize its thermal stability and microstructure. The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PP/Al-SbBr composite flame retardant material were significantly improved compared to the same loading of PP/SbBr composite flame retardant material. The findings indicate that adjusting the pH value to an appropriate level allows the aluminate coupling agent DL-411 to effectively enhance the flame retardancy of Sb₂O₃-modified composites with reduced degradation of mechanical properties, even in an environment close to room temperature and with a relatively short modification time.