为探究水路布置对冷却效率的影响，并建立水路数量与冷却时间之间的经验公式。研究基于传统加工条件下的水路冷却系统设计，以尺寸为200 mm×100 mm×2.24 mm的聚丙烯（PP）薄板注塑件为研究对象，利用NX UG10.0对PP薄板注塑件进行三维建模，使用Moldex 3D分析软件对选取不同的水路数量及间距组合进行有限元分析。将基于冷却系统设计经验公式计算出来的冷却时间与Moldex 3D分析软件模拟得到的冷却时间进行比较后，推导出水路数量与冷却时间之间的经验公式。该公式以水路数量、水路间距等作为自变量，以冷却时间作为因变量。试验结果表明：在只考虑水路数量、水路间距的前提下，在水路数量为30根，间距为22 mm时，最符合预期要求。同时发现，有效传热面积的变化对冷却效率影响显著，而水路间距的变化对冷却效率影响不明显。

In order to investigate the effect of waterway arrangement on cooling efficiency, an empirical formula between the number of waterways and cooling time was established. Based on the design of the water-cooling system under traditional processing conditions, the paper takes polypropylene (PP) sheet injection molded parts with a size of 200 mm×100 mm×2.24 mm as the research object. NX UG10.0 was used for 3D modeling of PP sheet injection parts, and then Moldex 3D analysis software was used for finite element analysis of different waterway number and spacing combinations. After comparing the cooling time calculated based on the empirical formula of cooling system design with that simulated by Moldex 3D analysis software, the empirical formula between the number of waterways and the cooling time is derived. The formula takes the number of waterways and the distance between waterways as independent variables, and the cooling time as dependent variable. The results show that under the premise of considering only the number of waterways and the distance between waterways,when the number of waterways is 30 and the distance is 22 mm, the expected requirement is best met. At the same time, it is found that the change of effective heat transfer area has a significant effect on the cooling efficiency, while the change of waterway distance has no significant effect on the cooling efficiency.