制备了不同短切玄武岩纤维（CBF）质量分数的环氧树脂/空心玻璃微珠-短切玄武岩纤维（EP/HGM-CBF）复合泡沫材料。通过将复合泡沫材料试件置于水、海水和5倍化合物浓度海水环境中浸泡，研究了溶液腐蚀环境对试件压缩性能的影响，并结合扫描电镜照片及EDS能谱仪分析其原因。结果表明：试件的吸湿率随着纤维质量分数的增加先增大后减小，在纤维质量分数10%时吸湿率最大，且在水中的吸湿率大于海水，溶液中粒子浓度的增加会降低溶液的扩散系数。在溶液浸泡腐蚀环境中，EP/HGM-CBF复合泡沫材料其压缩性能均随CBF质量分数的增加而增加，CBF质量分数为30%时达到最大，压缩强度、压缩模量增加最大的为5倍化合物浓度海水，压缩强度比未添加CBF的试件增加28.4%。溶液腐蚀环境降低了试件的压缩力学性能，且在水环境和海水环境中，复合材料的破坏形式不同，水环境主要是树脂溶胀导致界面脱黏等物理破坏，而海水环境主要是Cl元素对界面结构溶解的化学破坏。

Epoxy resin/hollow glass beads-chopped basalt fiber (EP/HGM-CBF) composite foam materials with different fiber mass fractions of CBF were prepared. The effects of the solution corrosion environment on the compression properties of the specimens were investigated by immersing the composite foam material specimens in distilled water, seawater, and seawater with five times the concentration of the compounds, and the causes were analyzed by combining scanning electron microscope photographs and EDS energy spectrometry. The study shows that the moisture absorption rate of the specimen first increases and then decreases with the increase of fiber mass fraction, and the moisture absorption rate is the largest at 10% fiber mass fraction, and the moisture absorption rate is larger in distilled water than in seawater, and the increase of the particle concentration in the solution decreases the diffusion coefficient of the solution. In the solution-immersed corrosive environment, the compression properties of EP/HGM-CBF composite foams all increased with the increase of CBF mass fraction, and reached a maximum when the CBF mass fraction was 30%, and the greatest increase in compression strength and compression modulus was seawater with five times the concentration of the compounds, and the compression strength was increased by 28.4% compared with that of the specimens without CBF. The solution corrosive environment decreased the compressive mechanical properties of the specimens, and the damage forms of the composites were different in the distilled water and seawater environments; the distilled water environment was mainly physical damage such as the dissolution of resin leading to interfacial debonding, whereas the seawater environment was mainly chemical damage due to the dissolution of the interfacial structure by elemental Cl.