选用苯二甲酰肼和带有不同封端结构的苯甲酰氯，通过偶联反应制备3种有机酰肼成核剂1,4-二苯甲酰基对苯二甲酰肼（BTAD）、1,4-双（4-甲基苯甲酰基）对苯二甲酰肼（BTAD-CH₃）和1,4-双（4-叔丁基苯甲酰基）对苯二甲酰肼［BTAD-（CH₃）₃］，并探讨了它们对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）结晶行为、力学性能和耐热性能的影响。结果表明：当成核剂BTAD、BTAD-CH₃和BTAD-（CH₃）₃的添加量分别为1.0%时，PET的结晶峰温度（T _c）分别提升51、53、56 ℃，结晶度（X _c）从18.1%分别提升至26.3%、26.9%和29.7%。BTAD-（CH₃）₃能进一步细化PET球晶尺寸，表现出更好的成核效果。BTAD-（CH₃）₃的添加量为2.0%时，PET复合材料的弯曲模量提升至2 675 MPa，增幅为22%，维卡软化温度和热变形温度较PET分别提高了60 ℃和10 ℃，力学性能和耐热性能得到提升。

Using benzoyl hydrazide and benzoyl chloride with different end-capping structures, three kinds of organic hydrazide nucleating agents, 1,4-dibenzoyl p-phenylhydrazide (BTAD), 1,4-bis(4-methylbenzoyl) p-phenylhydrazide (BTAD-CH₃) and 1,4-bis(4-tert-butylbenzoyl) p-phenylhydrazide [BTAD-(CH₃)₃], were prepared by coupling reaction. Their effects on crystallization behavior, mechanical properties and heat resistance of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were also discussed. The results show that when the addition of nuclearing agents BTAD, BTAD-CH₃ and BTAD-(CH₃)₃ are 1.0%, the crystallization peak temperature (T _c) of PET is increased by 51, 53, 56 ℃, respectively, and the crystallinity (X _c) is increased from 18.1% to 26.3%, 26.9% and 29.7%, respectively. BTAD-(CH₃)₃ can further refine the size of PET spherulite and show better nucleation effect. When BTAD-(CH₃)₃ is added at 2.0%, the bending modulus of PET composites is increased to 2 675 MPa, with an increase of 22%, and the Vicat softening temperature and thermal deformation temperature are increased by 60 ℃ and 10 ℃, respectively, compared with PET, and the mechanical properties and heat resistance are improved.