PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料结构与性能的研究

丛飞, 张雨, 张立武, 迟卫瀚, 王元霞, 李先亮, 宋立新

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中国高校科技期刊信息汇聚平台
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塑料科技 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (06) : 99-105. DOI: 10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2024.06.019
生物与降解材料

PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料结构与性能的研究

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Study on Structure and Performance of PLA/ZnO Nanocomposites

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摘要

将疏水性纳米ZnO（s）和纯纳米ZnO（u）分别与聚乳酸（PLA）通过双螺杆挤出机进行熔融共混，获得PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料，探究纳米ZnO的表面活性及添加量变化对PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料性能的影响。结果表明：由表面处理的纳米ZnO（s）制备的PLA/ZnO（s）纳米复合材料的综合性能优于PLA/ZnO（u）纳米复合材料。纳米ZnO在高温条件下对PLA分子链热降解有催化作用，当纳米ZnO添加量不断升高时，PLA/ZnO（s）和PLA/ZnO（u）纳米复合材料的结晶能力、力学性能均不断下降。表面处理的纳米ZnO（s）会抑制其在高温下对PLA分子链的解聚反应以及分子间酯交换反应的发生。当纳米ZnO添加量相同时，PLA/ZnO（s）纳米复合材料具有更高的结晶能力、更优异的力学性能。当纳米ZnO的添加量为1份时，PLA/ZnO（s）-1纳米复合材料的冲击强度达到5 533.8 J/m2，拉伸强度达到64.0 MPa，高于PLA/ZnO（u）-1纳米复合材料的冲击强度（4 711.0 J/m2）和拉伸强度（58.1 MPa）。

Abstract

Hydrophobic nano-ZnO(s) and pure nano-ZnO(u) were melt blended with polylactic acid (PLA) through a twin-screw extruder to obtain PLA/ZnO nanocomposites. The effects of surface activity and addition amount of nano-ZnO on the properties of PLA/ZnO nanocomposites were investigated. The results show that the comprehensive properties of PLA/ZnO(s) nanocomposites prepared by surface treated nano-ZnO(s) are better than those of PLA/ZnO(u) nanocomposites. Nano-ZnO has a catalytic effect on the thermal degradation of PLA molecular chains under high temperature conditions. When the amount of nano-ZnO is continuously increased, the crystallization ability and mechanical properties of PLA/ZnO(s) and PLA/ZnO(u) nanocomposites are continuously decreased. The surface-treated nano-ZnO(s) will inhibit the depolymerization reaction of PLA molecular chain and the occurrence of intermolecular transesterification reaction at high temperature. When the amount of nano-ZnO is the same, PLA/ZnO(s) nanocomposites have higher crystallization ability and better mechanical properties. When the addition amount of nano-ZnO is 1 phr, the impact strength of PLA/ZnO(s)-1 nanocomposite reaches 5 533.8 J/m2 and the tensile strength reaches 64.0 MPa, which are higher than the impact strength (4 711.0 J/m2) and tensile strength (58.1 MPa) of PLA/ZnO(u)-1 nanocomposite.

关键词

聚乳酸 / 纳米ZnO / 表面活性 / 结晶能力 / 力学性能

Key words

Polylactic acid / Nano ZnO / Surface activity / Crystallization ability / Mechanical properties

中图分类号

TQ327.9 / TB332

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丛飞 , 张雨 , 张立武 , 等. PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料结构与性能的研究. 塑料科技. 2024, 52(06): 99-105 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2024.06.019
CONG Fei, ZHANG Yu, ZHANG Li-wu, et al. Study on Structure and Performance of PLA/ZnO Nanocomposites[J]. Plastics Science and Technology. 2024, 52(06): 99-105 https://doi.org/10.15925/j.cnki.issn1005-3360.2024.06.019

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基金

辽宁省教育厅青年科技人才“育苗”项目(LQ2020007)
辽宁省教育厅青年科技人才“育苗”项目(LJKZ0454)

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