
PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料结构与性能的研究
丛飞, 张雨, 张立武, 迟卫瀚, 王元霞, 李先亮, 宋立新
PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料结构与性能的研究
Study on Structure and Performance of PLA/ZnO Nanocomposites
将疏水性纳米ZnO(s)和纯纳米ZnO(u)分别与聚乳酸(PLA)通过双螺杆挤出机进行熔融共混,获得PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料,探究纳米ZnO的表面活性及添加量变化对PLA/ZnO纳米复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:由表面处理的纳米ZnO(s)制备的PLA/ZnO(s)纳米复合材料的综合性能优于PLA/ZnO(u)纳米复合材料。纳米ZnO在高温条件下对PLA分子链热降解有催化作用,当纳米ZnO添加量不断升高时,PLA/ZnO(s)和PLA/ZnO(u)纳米复合材料的结晶能力、力学性能均不断下降。表面处理的纳米ZnO(s)会抑制其在高温下对PLA分子链的解聚反应以及分子间酯交换反应的发生。当纳米ZnO添加量相同时,PLA/ZnO(s)纳米复合材料具有更高的结晶能力、更优异的力学性能。当纳米ZnO的添加量为1份时,PLA/ZnO(s)-1纳米复合材料的冲击强度达到5 533.8 J/m2,拉伸强度达到64.0 MPa,高于PLA/ZnO(u)-1纳米复合材料的冲击强度(4 711.0 J/m2)和拉伸强度(58.1 MPa)。
Hydrophobic nano-ZnO(s) and pure nano-ZnO(u) were melt blended with polylactic acid (PLA) through a twin-screw extruder to obtain PLA/ZnO nanocomposites. The effects of surface activity and addition amount of nano-ZnO on the properties of PLA/ZnO nanocomposites were investigated. The results show that the comprehensive properties of PLA/ZnO(s) nanocomposites prepared by surface treated nano-ZnO(s) are better than those of PLA/ZnO(u) nanocomposites. Nano-ZnO has a catalytic effect on the thermal degradation of PLA molecular chains under high temperature conditions. When the amount of nano-ZnO is continuously increased, the crystallization ability and mechanical properties of PLA/ZnO(s) and PLA/ZnO(u) nanocomposites are continuously decreased. The surface-treated nano-ZnO(s) will inhibit the depolymerization reaction of PLA molecular chain and the occurrence of intermolecular transesterification reaction at high temperature. When the amount of nano-ZnO is the same, PLA/ZnO(s) nanocomposites have higher crystallization ability and better mechanical properties. When the addition amount of nano-ZnO is 1 phr, the impact strength of PLA/ZnO(s)-1 nanocomposite reaches 5 533.8 J/m2 and the tensile strength reaches 64.0 MPa, which are higher than the impact strength (4 711.0 J/m2) and tensile strength (58.1 MPa) of PLA/ZnO(u)-1 nanocomposite.
聚乳酸 / 纳米ZnO / 表面活性 / 结晶能力 / 力学性能
Polylactic acid / Nano ZnO / Surface activity / Crystallization ability / Mechanical properties
TQ327.9 / TB332
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