为了使空心玻璃微珠（HGM）更好地增强、增韧高分子树脂，对其进行聚氨酯包覆改性，文章旨在探索物理包覆、化学包覆的条件及配方。物理法是将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体溶解在溶剂中，加入HGM制备样品。化学法是在溶剂中加入HGM、醇组分、异氰酸酯组分，在适当的条件下发生聚合反应得到样品。通过光学显微镜观察包覆效果、微球之间是否粘连。结果表明：采用物理法，聚氨酯浓度为4%包覆效果较好。采用化学法，反应温度80 ℃较适宜。采用红外光谱分析合成的产品为聚氨酯，结合光学显微镜观察结果，反应时间为120 min较适宜。通过热重分析和光学显微镜观察，考察了丙三醇与2，4-二异氰酸酯甲苯（TDI）用量对包覆层厚度的影响。本研究为聚氨酯包覆HGM“软包硬”核-壳结构的制备提供参考，以便其作为改性剂提高树脂的综合性能。

In order to enhance and toughen the polymer resin with hollow glass microspheres(HGM), polyurethane coating modification was carried out on HGM. The paper aims to explore the conditions and formulas of the physical coating and chemical coating. The physical method is to dissolve thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in solvent and add HGM to prepare samples. In chemical method, HGM, alcohol component, and isocyanate component are added into solvent, and polymerization reaction is carried out under appropriate conditions to obtain samples. The coating effects and whether there was adhesion between the microspheres were observed through an optical microscope. The results showed that the polyurethane concentration of 4% was suitable for physical method. The reaction temperature of 80 ℃ is suitable for chemical method. The product synthesized by infrared spectroscopy was polyurethane, and the reaction time was 120 min according to the observation results of optical microscope. The effects of glycerol and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate(TDI) dosage on the thickness of the coating layer were explored through thermogravimetric analysis and optical microscope. This study provides a reference for the preparation of polyurethane-coated HGM 'soft-coated hard' core-shell structure, so that it can be used as a modifier to improve the comprehensive properties of resin.