经过表面处理的短切玻璃纤维（GF）能够显著提升环氧树脂（EP）的强度、抗冲击性以及耐久性，GF改性EP材料均一性优于连续纤维增强EP，在工程领域有着重要应用。文章采用醇洗、偶联剂处理、酸刻蚀等改性方法处理短切GF，制备EP复合材料，研究短切GF的表面处理方式及添加量对EP/改性短切GF复合材料的流变行为和力学性能的影响。此外合成出一种含磷、氮、溴三种阻燃元素的反应型阻燃剂，在EP/改性短切GF体系中进行阻燃应用研究。结果表明：酸刻蚀处理的短切GF表面微观形貌较为粗糙，能够大幅增加体系的初始剪切黏度，固化后复合材料的力学性能也明显优于加入醇处理和偶联剂处理的GF的复合材料，酸刻蚀处理的短切GF含量为2.0%，复合材料的拉伸强度最高，为59.75 MPa。合成的反应型阻燃剂阻燃效果显著，阻燃剂含量为10%时，复合材料的峰值热释放速率及总热释放量均较纯EP明显降低，且力学性能同时得到提升。

The surface treatment of chopped glass fiber (GF) can significantly improve the strength, impact resistance, and durability of epoxy resin (EP), and the homogeneity of GF modified EP material is better than that of continuous fiber reinforced EP, which has an important application in the engineering field. The effects of surface treatment and addition of chopped GF on the rheological behavior and mechanical properties of EP/modified chopped GF composites were studied by alcohol washing, coupling agent treatment, and acid etching modification methods. In addition, a reactive flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen and bromine was synthesized, and the flame retardant application was studied in the EP/modified chopped GF system. The results show that the surface micromorphology of the chopped GF treated with acid etching is relatively rough, which can greatly increase the initial shear viscosity of the system, and the mechanical properties of the cured composites are significantly better than those of the GF treated with alcohol treatment and coupling agent. The chopped GF content of acid etching treatment is 2.0%, and the tensile strength of the composite is the highest, which is 59.75 MPa. When the flame retardant content is 10%, the peak heat release rate and total heat release of the composite are significantly lower than those of pure EP, and the mechanical properties are improved at the same time.