为了阐明链结构特征对双向拉伸聚丙烯薄膜（BOPP）表面粗化和本体性能的影响，对比研究三种不同链结构聚丙烯（PP）粒料的结晶行为与同质多晶性，测试了BOPP薄膜的空隙率、粗糙度、拉伸力学、热收缩、介电性能以及不同温度的电击穿场强。结果表明：低等规度（96.2%）、宽分子量分布（5.35）的链结构有利于生成β晶和均匀球晶形貌，确保获得理想的粗化形态。利用高等规度（97.4%）、窄分布（4.34）粒料制备的BOPP薄膜，其粗化形态虽不是最佳，但空隙率为9%，表面粗糙度为0.42 μm，能够满足电容膜行业标准要求。高等规度、窄分布薄膜的横向拉伸强度269 MPa、横向弹性模量3 692 MPa、击穿场强668 V/m（25 ℃）及518 V/m（125 ℃），与对照薄膜相比力学强度和电气性能得到明显提升。将PP链结构进行适当调整能够很好地兼顾表面粗化和本体性能，为设计、开发高性能的油浸式交流电容器用粗化膜提供有益启示。

In order to elucidate the effect of chain structure characteristics on the surface roughening and bulk properties of biaxially oriented polypropylene films (BOPP). The crystallization behavior and homogeneous polycrystallinity of three polypropylene (PP) granules with different chain structures were compared. The porosity, roughness, tensile mechanics, thermal shrinkage, dielectric properties and electrical breakdown field strength of BOPP films at different temperatures were tested. The results show that the chain structure with low tacticity (96.2%) and wide molecular weight distribution (5.35) is conducive to the formation of β crystals and uniform spherulite morphology, ensuring the ideal roughening morphology. Although the roughening form of BOPP film prepared by high-tacticity (97.4%) and narrow-distribut (4.34) granules is not optimal, the porosity is 9% and the surface roughness is 0.42 μm, which can meet the requirements of the capacitive film industry standard. Compared with the control films, the transverse tensile strength is 269 MPa, the transverse elastic modulus is 3 692 MPa, and the breakdown field strengths are 668 V/m (25 ℃) and 518 V/m (125 ℃). Appropriate adjustment of the PP chain structure can take into account the surface roughening and bulk performance, and provide useful inspiration for the design and development of high-performance roughening film for oil-immersed AC capacitors.