为了提高竹纤维增强高密度聚乙烯（HDPE/BF）复合材料的阻燃性能，采用三聚氰胺磷酸盐（MPP）和次磷酸铝（AHP）作为复配阻燃剂，通过密炼的方法制备复合材料，对制备得到的复合材料采用极限氧指数（LOI）、锥形量热等方法进行了表征，探讨了阻燃剂MPP和AHP的配比对复合材料力学性能以及阻燃性能的影响。结果表明：阻燃剂的添加使复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度明显下降。MPP和AHP协同使用比单独添加具有更好的阻燃效果。当MPP和AHP的配比是1∶5时，复合材料的阻燃性能最好，其LOI达到27.9%，与未添加阻燃剂的复合材料相比提高了50.8%，与单独添加MPP和AHP的复合材料相比分别提高了8.6%和3.0%。

In order to improve the flame retardancy of bamboo fiber reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE/BF) composites, melamine phosphate (MPP) and aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) were used as compound flame retardants to prepare the composites through internal mixing. The composites were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimetry, and the effects of the ratio of MPP and AHP on the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of the composites were discussed. The results show that the tensile strength and impact strength of the composites decrease obviously with the addition of flame retardant. MPP and AHP have better flame retardant effect than single addition. When the dosage of MPP and AHP is 1:5, the flame retardancy of the composite is the best, and its LOI reaches 27.9%, which is a 50.8% increase compared with the composite without flame retardant, and an 8.6% and 3.0% increase compared with the composite with MPP and AHP alone, respectively.