With the transformation of China from a big manufacturing country to a manufacturing powerhouse and from “made in China” to “created in China”, the social demand for the scientific research and innovation abilities of undergraduate students in colleges and universities has become increasingly urgent. Using the research and innovation course from the 2021 life sciences base class of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University as a case study, this paper explores the cultivation mechanism of undergraduate scientific research and innovation ability in universities from three aspects: establishment, teaching management and the existing problems in research and innovation courses. It is hoped to provide reference for other higher education institutions to improve the quality of undergraduate innovative talent cultivation.