PDF(4613 KB)
Geothermometry Calculation and Geothermal Fluid Evolution of Karst Geothermal Reservoir in Longmen County, Guangdong Province
Wang Sijia, Zhang Min, Huang Xuelian, Han Yongjie, He Peixin, Wang Shuai, Qi Shihua
PDF(4613 KB)
PDF(4613 KB)
Geothermometry Calculation and Geothermal Fluid Evolution of Karst Geothermal Reservoir in Longmen County, Guangdong Province
,
Karst geothermal systems hold enormous potential for geothermal exploitation. The Maxing and Gepi geothermal anomaly areas are typical geothermal fields in Longmen County, Guangdong Province. The temperature and fluid evolution of geothermal reservoir can be clarified, with the analysis of ion ratio relationship, δD and δ18O isotopes, and geothermal thermometers et.al. It is indicated that silicate minerals, carbonate minerals such as calcite dissolution, and accompanying cation exchange control the hydrochemistry evolution, thus forming slightly alkaline HCO3-type geothermal water with lower TDS in the study area. The results suggest that atmospheric precipitation is the main recharge source. The reservoir temperature is 105.0-148.0 ℃ and 101.5-131.0 ℃ for Maxing and Gepi geothermal reservoir respectively, with a lower temperature during upwelling caused by mixing with cold water up to 44.2% and 48.5% dilution. In this case, a conceptual model for geothermal fluid evolution is proposed based on the geothermal water hydrochemistry and reservoir temperature characteristics.
karst geothermal water / hydrochemistry / geothermal reservoir temperature / conceptual model / geothermal energy
|
Arnórsson, S., 1983. Chemical Equilibria in Icelandic Geothermal Systems-Implications for Chemical Geothermometry Investigations. Geothermics, 12(2-3): 119-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(83)90022-6
|
|
Aydin, H., Karakuş, H., Mutlu, H., 2020. Hydrogeochemistry of Geothermal Waters in Eastern Turkey: Geochemical and Isotopic Constraints on Water-Rock Interaction. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 390: 106708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.106708
|
|
Blasco, M., Gimeno, M. J., Auqué, L. F., 2018. Low Temperature Geothermal Systems in Carbonate-Evaporitic Rocks: Mineral Equilibria Assumptions and Geothermometrical Calculations. Insights from the Arnedillo Thermal Waters (Spain). Science of the Total Environment, 615: 526-539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.269
|
|
Chen, D., Niu, H. L., 2021. Geological Characteristics and Geothermal Exploration Direction in Yonghan Area, Longmen, Guangdong Province. Western Resources, (3): 169-171 (in Chinese with English abstract).
|
|
Craig, H., 1961. Isotopic Variations in Meteoric Waters. Science, 133(3465): 1702-1703. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.133.3465.1702
|
|
Ding, X., Su, K. L., Yan, H. B., et al., 2022. Effect of F-Rich Fluids on the A-Type Magmatism and Related Metal Mobilization: New Insights from the Fogang-Nankunshan-Yajishan Igneous Rocks in Southeast China. Journal of Earth Science, 33(3): 591-608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-022-1611-7
|
|
Fournier, R. O., 1977. Chemical Geothermometers and Mixing Models for Geothermal Systems. Geothermics, 5(1-4): 41-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(77)90007-4
|
|
Fu, C. C., Li, X. Q., Ma, J. F., et al., 2018. A Hydrochemistry and Multi-Isotopic Study of Groundwater Origin and Hydrochemical Evolution in the Middle Reaches of the Kuye River Basin. Applied Geochemistry, 98: 82-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.08.030
|
|
Giggenbach, W. F., 1988. Geothermal Solute Equilibria. Derivation of Na-K-Mg-Ca Geoindicators. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 52(12): 2749-2765. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90143-3
|
|
Goldscheider, N., Mádl-Szőnyi, J., Erőss, A., et al., 2010. Review: Thermal Water Resources in Carbonate Rock Aquifers. Hydrogeology Journal, 18(6): 1303-1318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-010-0611-3
|
|
Guo, Q., Pang, Z. H., Wang, Y. C., et al., 2017. Fluid Geochemistry and Geothermometry Applications of the Kangding High-Temperature Geothermal System in Eastern Himalayas. Applied Geochemistry, 81: 63-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.03.007
|
|
He, P. X., 2019. Hydrochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Thermal Fluid in a Covered Karst Geothermal Field in Longmen County, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province. Western Resources, (2): 62-64 (in Chinese with English abstract).
|
|
Jiang, Y., Li, J., Xing, Y. F., et al., 2023. Evaluation of Geochemical Geothermometers with Borehole Geothermal Measurements: A Case Study of the Xiong’an New Area. Earth Science, 48(3): 958-972. (in Chinese with English abstract).
|
|
Li, J. X., Sagoe, G., Li, Y. L., 2020. Applicability and Limitations of Potassium-Related Classical Geothermometers for Crystalline Basement Reservoirs. Geothermics, 84: 101728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2019.101728
|
|
Li, J. X., Sagoe, G., Yang, G., et al., 2018. Evaluation of Mineral-Aqueous Chemical Equilibria of Felsic Reservoirs with Low-Medium Temperature: A Comparative Study in Yangbajing Geothermal Field and Guangdong Geothermal Fields. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 352: 92-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.01.008
|
|
Li, J. X., Wu, Z. H., Tian, G. H., et al., 2022. Processes Controlling the Hydrochemical Composition of Geothermal Fluids in the Sandstone and Dolostone Reservoirs Beneath the Sedimentary Basin in North China. Applied Geochemistry, 138: 105211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2022.105211
|
|
Lin, W. J., Wang, G. L., Gan, H. N., et al., 2022. Heat Generation and Accumulation for Hot Dry Rock Resources in the Igneous Rock Distribution Areas of Southeastern China. Lithosphere, 2021(Special 5): 2039112. https://doi.org/10.2113/2022/2039112
|
|
Luo, J., Li, Y. M., Tian, J. A., et al., 2022. Geochemistry of Geothermal Fluid with Implications on Circulation and Evolution in Fengshun-Tangkeng Geothermal Field, South China. Geothermics, 100: 102323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2021.102323
|
|
Mao, X. M., Zhu, D. B., Ndikubwimana, I., et al., 2021. The Mechanism of High-Salinity Thermal Groundwater in Xinzhou Geothermal Field, South China: Insight from Water Chemistry and Stable Isotopes. Journal of Hydrology, 593: 125889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125889
|
|
Pang, Z. H., Reed, M., 1998. Theoretical Chemical Thermometry on Geothermal Waters: Problems and Methods. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 62(6): 1083-1091. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00037-4
|
|
Pang, Z. H., Kong, Y. L., Li, J., et al., 2017. An Isotopic Geoindicator in the Hydrological Cycle. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 17: 534-537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.135
|
|
Qiu, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Z. Z., et al., 2018. Determining the Origin, Circulation Path and Residence Time of Geothermal Groundwater Using Multiple Isotopic Techniques in the Heyuan Fault Zone of Southern China. Journal of Hydrology, 567: 339-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.10.010
|
|
Reed, M., Spycher, N., 1984. Calculation of pH and Mineral Equilibria in Hydrothermal Waters with Application to Geothermometry and Studies of Boiling and Dilution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 48(7): 1479-1492. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(84)90404-6
|
|
Shi, Z. D., Mao, X. M., Ye, J. Q., et al., 2024. Analysis of Source of Sodium of Low-Salinity High-Sodium Geothermal Water in Huangshadong Geothermal Field from the East Guangdong. Earth Science, 49(1): 288-298 (in Chinese with English abstract).
|
|
Sun, H. Y., Sun, X. M., Wei, X. F., et al., 2023. Geochemical Characteristics and Origin of Nuanquanzi Geothermal Water in Yudaokou, Chengde, Hebei, North China. Journal of Earth Science, 34(3): 838-856. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-022-1635-z
|
|
Wang, J. L., Jin, M. G., Jia, B. J., et al., 2015. Hydrochemical Characteristics and Geothermometry Applications of Thermal Groundwater in Northern Jinan, Shandong, China. Geothermics, 57: 185-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.07.002
|
|
Wang, S. A., Kuang, J. A., Huang, X. L., et al., 2022. Upwelling of Mantle-Derived Material in Southeast China: Evidence from Noble Gas Isotopes. Acta Geologica Sinica-English Edition, 96(1): 100-110. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.14686
|
|
Wang, X. A., Lu, G. P., Hu, B. X., 2018. Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Geothermometry Applications of Thermal Waters in Coastal Xinzhou and Shenzao Geothermal Fields, Guangdong, China. Geofluids, 2018: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8715080
|
|
Xi, Y. F., Wang, G. L., Liu, S., et al., 2018. The Formation of a Geothermal Anomaly and Extensional Structures in Guangdong, China: Evidence from Gravity Analyses. Geothermics, 72: 225-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2017.11.009
|
|
Xiao, Z. C., Wang, S., Qi, S. H., et al., 2020. Petrogenesis, Tectonic Evolution and Geothermal Implications of Mesozoic Granites in the Huangshadong Geothermal Field, South China. Journal of Earth Science, 31(1): 141-158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-019-1242-9
|
|
Xiao, Z. C., Wang, S., Qi, S. H., et al., 2023. Crustal Thermo-Structure and Geothermal Implication of the Huangshadong Geothermal Field in Guangdong Province. Journal of Earth Science, 34(1): 194-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-021-1486-z
|
|
Xu, Z. K., Xu, S. G., Zhang, S. T., 2021. Hydro-Geochemistry of Anning Geothermal Field and Flow Channels Inferring of Upper Geothermal Reservoir. Earth Science, 46(11): 4175-4187 (in Chinese with English abstract).
|
|
Yan, X. X., Gan, H. N., Yue, G. F., 2019. Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Typical Geothermal Fileds from Huangshadong to Conghua in Guangdong. Geological Review, 65(3): 743-754 (in Chinese)
|
|
Yan, X. X., Lin, W. J., Gan, H. N., et al., 2019. Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Huangshadong Geothermal Filed in Guangdong. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 237: 032128. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/237/3/032128
|
|
Yang, P. H., Dan, L., Groves, C., et al., 2019a. Geochemistry and Genesis of Geothermal Well Water from a Carbonate-Evaporite Aquifer in Chongqing, SW China. Environmental Earth Sciences, 78(1): 33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-8004-3
|
|
Yang, P. H., Luo, D., Hong, A. H., et al., 2019b. Hydrogeochemistry and Geothermometry of the Carbonate-Evaporite Aquifers Controlled by Deep-Seated Faults Using Major Ions and Environmental Isotopes. Journal of Hydrology, 579: 124116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124116
|
|
Zhang, M., Kuang, J., Xiao, Z. C., et al., 2021. Geological Evolution since the Yanshanian in Huizhou, Guangdong Province: New Implications for the Tectonics of South China. Earth Science, 46(1): 242-258 (in Chinese with English abstract).
|
|
Zhang, Y., Luo, J., Feng, J. Y., 2020. Characteristics of Geothermal Reservoirs and Utilization of Geothermal Resources in the Southeastern Coastal Areas of China. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 8(2): 134-142. https://doi.org/10.19637/j.cnki.2305-7068.2020.02.005
|
|
Zhou, Z. M., Ma, C. Q., Qi, S. H., et al., 2020. Late Mesozoic High-Heat-Producing (HHP) and High- Temperature Geothermal Reservoir Granitoids: The most Significant Geothermal Mechanism in South China. Lithos, 366-367: 105568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105568
|
|
Zhu, X., Wang, G. L., Ma, F., et al., 2021.Hydrogeochemistry of Geothermal Waters from Taihang Mountain-Xiongan New Area and Its Indicating Significance. Earth Science, 46(7): 2594-2608 (in Chinese with English abstract).
|
感谢广东省有色金属地质局九三五队野外工作人员及学校测试人员的协助，最后诚挚感谢两位审稿人对本文提出的建设性意见！
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
AI Summary
