Xiaojianzhong Granule inhibits food allergy by regulating gut microbiota and repairing intestinal barrier

Zhang Yunjie, Yu Yonglu, Wan Chong, Xu Ning, Xiao Peilun, Xie Hai, Liu Meifang, Xu Lingzhi

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Journal of Chongqing Medical University ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (03) : 322-330. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003785
Basic research

Xiaojianzhong Granule inhibits food allergy by regulating gut microbiota and repairing intestinal barrier

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Abstract

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of Xiaojianzhong Granule（XJZG） on food allergy（FA） and related mechanisms in terms of gut microbiota，zonula occluden-1（ZO-1），and Occludin. Methods A total of 24 specific pathogen-free female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal group，model group，prevention group，and treatment group，with 6 mice in each group. The mice in the prevention group were given XJZG by gavage at a standard dose of 5.85 g/kg/day from 3 days before the first challenge till 4 hours before the last challenge；the mice in the treatment group were given XJZG at the double dose for 3 days based on the allergy score； the mice in the other groups were given an equal volume of distilled water by gavage. At the end of the experiment，allergy score and anal temperature were measured； flow cytometry was used to measure eosinophils and mast cells in mesenteric lymph nodes（MLNs）；toluidine blue staining was performed for mast cells in jejunal tissue； immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin；16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyze the microbiota in the intestinal content；high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to measure the content of short-chain fatty acids（SCFAs） in jejunal lavage fluid. Results Compared with the model group，the prevention group and the treatment group had significant reductions in allergy score（P=0.000，P=0.000），anal temperature（P=0.002，P=0.000），the proportion of eosinophils and mast cells in MLNs（P<0.05），and mast cell infiltration in jejunal tissue（P=0.000，P=0.000）. Compared with the normal group，the model group had significant increases in the relative abundances of Erysipelaceae and Turicibacter，while the prevention group and the treatment group had disappearance of Erysipelaceae and Turicibacter and an increase in the relative abundance of Porphyromonadaceae. Compared with the normal group，the model group had a significant reduction in the content of propionate in jejunal lavage fluid（P=0.014），and compared with the model group，the prevention group had a significant increase in the content of propionate in jejunal lavage fluid（P=0.024），as well as a significant increase in the treatment group（P=0.008）. In the model group，the expression of ZO-1 was downregulated（P=0.010），and the expression of Occludin was significantly downregulated（P=0.002），while the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin returned to normal levels in the prevention group and the treatment group（P=0.001，P=0.013；P=0.025，P=0.015）. Conclusion XJZG can change the composition and abundance of gut microbiota，increase the concentration of SCFAs，upregulate the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin，promote the repair of intestinal barrier，and inhibit food allergy.

Key words

Xiaojianzhong Granule / food allergy / gut microbiota / short-chain fatty acids / zonula occluden-1

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Zhang Yunjie , Yu Yonglu , Wan Chong , et al . Xiaojianzhong Granule inhibits food allergy by regulating gut microbiota and repairing intestinal barrier. Journal of Chongqing Medical University. 2025, 50(03): 322-330 https://doi.org/10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003785

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