Features of choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity in the macular region of adult patients with myopia based on swept-source optical coherence tomography

Tang Chong, Ji Yan, Huang Fanfan, Shi Kai, Hu Rong, Wan Wenjuan

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Journal of Chongqing Medical University ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (01) : 80-87. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003698
Clinical research

Features of choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity in the macular region of adult patients with myopia based on swept-source optical coherence tomography

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Abstract

Objective To investigate the features and changing trend of choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity in the macular region of adult patients with myopia by using swept-source optical coherence tomography（SS-OCTA）. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 adult patients with myopia（138 right eyes），aged 18-36 years，who attended the outpatient service of Department of Ophthalmology，The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University，from April 2023 to October 2023，and routine ophthalmic examination was performed for all patients，including refractive status and axial length（AL）. According to spherical equivalent （SE），the patients were divided into low myopia group（-3D<SE≤-0.5D），moderate myopia group（-6D<SE≤-3D），and high myopia group （SE≤-6D）. SS-OCTA was used to observe and quantify mean choroidal thickness（MCT），choriocapillaris blood flow area（CBFA），choroidal vessel volume（CVV），and choroidal vessel index（CVI） of the 3 mm×3 mm macular region. MCT and choroidal vascularity parameters were compared between the groups with different degrees of myopia，and their changing trends were analyzed. Results There were significant differences between the groups with different degrees of myopia in MCT，CBFA，CVV，and CVI in the central fovea，the parafovea，and the whole macular region within the 3 mm×3 mm area，which decreased with the increase in the degree of myopia（P<0.01）. After elimination of confounding factors，the partial correlation analysis showed that MCT，CBFA，CVV，and CVI in the whole macular region were positively correlated with SE（r=0.457，0.434，0.395，and 0.401，all P=0.000） and were negatively correlated with AL（r=-0.470，-0.360，-0.465，and -0.468，all P=0.000）. The stepwise linear regression analysis showed that MCT gradually increased with the increase in SE（t=2.459，P=0.015） and CVV（t=8.632，P=0.000）. Conclusion MCT in the macular region shows heterogeneous distribution in adult patients with myopia，and MCT and choroidal vascularity parameters in the macular region decrease with the increase in the degree of myopia，while choroidal vascularity closely affects choroidal thickness. The choroid may be an important biomarker for myopia，and the research findings of this study can help to reveal the association between myopia and the choroid.

Key words

myopia / swept-source optical coherence tomography / choroidal thickness / choriocapillaris blood flow area / choroidal vessel volume / choroidal vessel index

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Tang Chong , Ji Yan , Huang Fanfan , et al . Features of choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity in the macular region of adult patients with myopia based on swept-source optical coherence tomography. Journal of Chongqing Medical University. 2025, 50(01): 80-87 https://doi.org/10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003698

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