Exposure to neonicotinoid pesticides in pregnant women and its association with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy

Song Honglan, Bai Mingchun, Liu Jiale, Ding Yubin, Shi Fangfang

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Journal of Chongqing Medical University ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (01) : 98-104. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003692
Clinical research

Exposure to neonicotinoid pesticides in pregnant women and its association with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy

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Abstract

Objective To investigate the exposure to neonicotinoid pesticides（NEOs） and its association with the risk of subclinical hypothyroidism（SCH） in pregnant women. Methods A case-control study was conducted among 21 pregnant women with SCH（SCH case group） and 37 normal pregnant women（control group） who received prenatal examination in Youyang Hospital，The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University，from January 2020 to December 2021，and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure the serum concentrations of eight common NEOs. The univariate analysis（the independent samples t-test） was used to investigate the association of the serum concentration of a single NEO with the risk of SCH in pregnant women，and the Bayesian kernel machine regression（BKMR） model was used to analyze the joint effect and interactions of exposure to NEOs pollutant on the development of SCH. Results Among the NEOs tested in this study，dinotefuran，thiamethoxam（THX），clothianidin，imidacloprid，and imidaclothiz had a detection rate of 100%，and acetamiprid had a detection rate of 19.0%，while nitenpyram and thiacloprid were not detected. The highest median concentration of THX was 2.00 μg/L. The independent samples t-test showed that there were no significant differences in the five NEOs with the detection rate of 100% between the SCH group and the control group. The BKMR model showed no statistical association between mixed exposure to serum NEOs and the onset of SCH in pregnant women. Conclusion The data from this study show a relatively high level of THX exposure among pregnant women in Youyang. There is no apparent association between NEOs exposure and the onset of SCH during pregnancy，but further studies are needed to determine whether NEOs exposure may disturb human thyroid function during pregnancy.

Key words

neonicotinoid pesticides / pregnancy / subclinical hypothyroidism / association

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Song Honglan , Bai Mingchun , Liu Jiale , et al . Exposure to neonicotinoid pesticides in pregnant women and its association with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy. Journal of Chongqing Medical University. 2025, 50(01): 98-104 https://doi.org/10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003692

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