Cell pyroptosis is characterized by cellular swelling and the formation of ion non-selective pores，leading to the emergence of “pyroptotic body-like” vesicular protrusions，ultimately resulting in plasma membrane lysis and the release of inflammatory factors. Cell pyroptosis is mainly mediated by inflammatory cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase（caspase），including the classical pyroptotic pathway mediated by caspase-1 and the non-classical pyroptotic pathway mediated by caspase-4/5/11. This process triggers downstream gasdermin to cause cell membrane perforation，thus leading to the release of cellular contents and numbers of inflammatory cytokines and inducing cell pyroptosis. In recent years，increasing evidence suggests that cell pyroptosis is involved in the progression of diabetic kidney disease（DKD） and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for DKD. This article provides a review of the relevant research on cell pyroptosis in the progression of DKD and summarizes the current understanding of the role of intrinsic renal cell pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of DKD and drug studies targeting cell pyroptosis，aiming to offer new insights for updating research on the mechanisms and treatment strategies of DKD.