Effect of new ultrasonic scaler tip on tooth root surface in vitro

Ou jianqiu, Chen Xiaotao

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Journal of Chongqing Medical University ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (07) : 912-918. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003550
Clinical research

Effect of new ultrasonic scaler tip on tooth root surface in vitro

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Abstract

Objective To evaluate the effect of new ultrasonic scaler tip on tooth root surface and to provide a basis for its clinical application. Methods A total of 27 anterior teeth that needed to be extracted due to severe periodontitis were collected and randomly divided into three groups： the new ultrasonic scaler tip group（n=9），DENTSPLY ultrasonic scaler tip group（n=9），and EMS ultrasonic scaler tip group（n=9）. Before treatment，the surface roughness of the three groups of extracted teeth roots was measured with the surface roughness measuring instrument. Initial periodontal therapy was simulated in vitro. The tooth root surface roughness was measured again after removing the calculus on the extracted tooth surface. Tooth sections were prepared for observation of the root surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy. Analysis of variance was used for inter-group comparison of root roughness. Least significant difference method was used for post hoc test. Paired t-test was used for intra-group comparison. A P value of <0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference. SPSS 24.0 was used for data analysis. Results 1. Root surface roughness test showed a significant difference in the changes of roughness among the three groups. The surface roughness of EMS ultrasonic scaler tip group decreased the least compared with that before treatment，followed by DENTSPLY ultrasonic scaler tip group. The surface roughness of the new ultrasonic scaler tip group showed the most significant decrease compared with that before treatment（P<0.05）. 2. Scanning electron microscope observation showed that the morphology of the root surface after initial periodontal therapy with EMS ultrasonic scaler tip was the most incomplete，with small pit-like defects，cementum denudation and drilling holes in some areas，and abundant smear layers and debris residues. Compared with the EMS ultrasonic scaler tip group，the extracted root surface after initial periodontal therapy with DENTSPLY ultrasonic scaler tip was smoother，with less smear layer and a few debris residues，fine cracks on the surface，and discontinuous root surface. After initial periodontal therapy with the new ultrasonic scaler tip，the extracted root surface was more flat than that of DENTSPLY ultrasonic scaler tip group，with clear，complete，and continuous cementum morphology and structure，a few linear scratches，and no obvious cementum denudation or drilling holes. Conclusion The extracted tooth root surface is smooth after initial periodontal therapy using the new ultrasonic scaler tip. The new ultrasonic scaler tip is the ideal ultrasonic scaler tip with less damage to the tooth root surface.

Key words

periodontitis / initial periodontal therapy / surface roughness / scanning electron microscopy / new ultrasonic scaler tip

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Ou jianqiu , Chen Xiaotao. Effect of new ultrasonic scaler tip on tooth root surface in vitro. Journal of Chongqing Medical University. 2024, 49(07): 912-918 https://doi.org/10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003550

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