The Ti/Al dissimilar welded structure combines the high strength and corrosion resistance of titanium alloys with the lightweight and formability advantages of aluminum alloys， providing a broader range of options for product design and manufacturing. Meanwhile， this structure helps reduce component mass and cost， achieving lightweight design and structural-functional integration. Friction stir welding （FSW）， as a solid-state welding method， is one of the most suitable techniques for Ti/Al dissimilar joining. However， conventional Ti/Al FSW still faces challenges such as severe tool wear， non-uniform mechanical properties along the weld thickness， potential lack of penetration at the weld root， and difficulty in precisely controlling intermetallic compounds （IMCs）. This paper reviews the improvements proposed by researchers worldwide to address these issues， exploring various innovative processes to overcome the limitations of conventional Ti/Al FSW and achieve high-quality joints. It analyzes and compares the characteristics and applicability of different modified FSW techniques， including interlayer addition at the interface， application of auxiliary external fields， modification of joint configurations， and stationary shoulder FSW. The study further explores their roles and mechanisms in enhancing weld quality and optimizing interface properties， while systematically summarizing future research directions for Ti/Al dissimilar FSW. Finally， it is pointed out that future research should focus on further optimizing modified welding processes， improving process stability， and enhancing industrial feasibility to promote the engineering application of Ti/Al dissimilar welded structures.