CVD法制备锂离子电池硅碳负极研究进展

李雪荣, 曹轲, 赵喜哲, 王彦君, 顾广安, 刘见华, 万烨

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中国高校科技期刊信息汇聚平台
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材料工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (7) : 83-93. DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2024.000871
综述

CVD法制备锂离子电池硅碳负极研究进展

作者信息 +

Progress in silicon/carbon based negative electrode materials by CVD method for Li-ion batteries

Author information +
History +

摘要

锂离子电池已成为能源领域不可或缺的重要储能体系。开发具有高能量密度、长寿命、低成本的锂离子电池是当今电池科研领域的一项核心挑战。硅材料有着4200 mAh·g-1的理论容量及低廉的成本，使其成为最有潜力的负极候选材料之一，然而硅在充放电循环中高达近300%的体积膨胀严重阻碍了其商业化进程。迄今为止，硅碳负极材料的制备技术已经历3次迭代。本综述介绍了CVD法在三代硅碳负极材料制备中的应用，并从材料结构设计、实验方法、反应过程机理、材料性能等方面展开讨论。最后，总结了三代硅碳负极材料制备技术的优势及劣势，并对未来高能量密度锂离子电池中硅碳负极的发展趋势进行了展望。

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries have been a crucial and indispensable energy storage system in the energy technology. Developing Li-ion batteries with high energy density，extended cycle life，and cost-effectiveness is a central challenge. Silicon material，distinguished by its impressive theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh·g-1 and low price，has emerged as a promising candidate for negative electrode material. However，its substantial volume expansion，reaching up to 300% during charging and discharging cycles，poses a formidable commercial hurdle. To date，three generations of silicon-carbon negative electrode materials have undergone iterative development. This review focuses on three generations of silicon-carbon negative electrode materials fabricated via the CVD method. The material structure design，experimental methodologies，reaction mechanisms，and material properties are analyzed. The strengths and weaknesses of these three generations of preparation techniques are summarized，and insights into the future direction of silicon-carbon negative electrodes in Li-ion batteries are provided.

关键词

硅碳复合材料 / 硅负极 / 化学气相沉积法 / 负极材料 / 锂离子电池

Key words

silicon/carbon composite / silicon-based negative electrode / chemical vapor deposition / negative electrode material / Li-ion battery

中图分类号

TB34

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导出引用
李雪荣 , 曹轲 , 赵喜哲 , 等. CVD法制备锂离子电池硅碳负极研究进展. 材料工程. 2025, 53(7): 83-93 https://doi.org/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2024.000871
Xuerong LI, Ke CAO, Xizhe ZHAO, et al. Progress in silicon/carbon based negative electrode materials by CVD method for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering. 2025, 53(7): 83-93 https://doi.org/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2024.000871

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