本研究以核桃壳为原料，采用静电纺丝方法制备核桃壳纳米纤维。利用扫描电镜（SEM）考察了纺丝参数对纳米纤维形貌和直径的影响，借助傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、热重分析仪（TGA）、电阻率测试仪对核桃壳纳米纤维结构及性能进行表征。结果表明，在纺丝液浓度55%、纺丝电压16 kV、注射速率0.75 mL/h、接收距离14 cm的条件下，能够纺得表面光滑、直径分布均匀、平均直径0.38 μm的核桃壳纳米纤维，该纳米纤维的结构有序性显著提高，在500 ℃条件下的热稳定性提高了1.29倍，电导特性也有所改善。

This study endeavors to fabricate and comprehensively characterize electrospun nanofibers derived from walnut shells. Utilizing walnut shells as the primary raw material， the electrospinning technique is employed to generate the nanofibers. The study delves into the impact of various spinning parameters on the morphology and diameter of the resultant nanofibers， employing SEM for detailed examination. Furthermore， FT-IR， XRD， TGA， and resistivity measurements are conducted to elucidate the structure and properties of the walnut shell nanofibers. The findings reveal that under optimized conditions—specifically， a spinning solution concentration of 55%， a spinning voltage of 16 kV， an injection rate of 0.75 mL/h， and a collector distance of 14 cm，smooth-surfaced nanofibers with a uniform diameter distribution and an average diameter of 0.38 μm are successfully produced. Notably， the structural orderliness of these nanofibers is substantially enhanced， and their thermal stability at 500 ℃ exhibits a 1.29-fold improvement compared to the initial state. Additionally， the electrical conductivity of the nanofibers also undergoes a favorable enhancement.