以马尾藻为原料，ZnCl₂为活化剂，基于自模板构筑“蛋壳”式结构进行正交实验，研究在不同浸渍比、浸渍时间、活化温度、活化时间下制备马尾藻基活性炭的最佳工艺条件。采用N₂吸-脱附、SEM、XRD考察活性炭的孔结构特性、表面形貌和晶体结构，并对马尾藻基活性炭进行电化学性能测试。通过正交实验法分析得到，制备高比电容活性炭的最佳工艺条件为：浸渍比3、浸渍时间2 h、活化温度700 ℃、活化时间2 h。在9组实验条件下，所制备活性炭SAC₇的电化学性能最佳，当电流密度为0.5 A/g时，活性炭SAC₇的比电容高达136.4 F/g，当电流密度为5 A/g时，其比电容也达到了92.0 F/g，显示出良好的比电容性能和倍率性能；且经过10000次循环充放电后，仍有高达99.41%的电容保持率，具有极佳的循环稳定性。

Orthogonal experiments have been carried out to study the optimal process conditions for the preparation of sargassum-based activated carbon with different impregnation ratios， impregnation times， activation temperatures， and activation times based on the self-templated “egg-box” structure using sargassum as the raw material and ZnCl₂ as the activator. The characterization of N₂ adsorption， SEM， and XRD investigate the pore structure properties， surface morphology， and crystal structure of the activated carbon. The electrochemical properties of sargassum-based activated carbon are tested. The optimum process conditions for preparing high specific capacitance activated carbon are analyzed by orthogonal experimental method and obtained as follows： impregnation ratio is 3， impregnation time is 2 h， activation temperature is 700 ℃， and activation time is 2 h. Under nine sets of experimental conditions， the prepared activated carbon SAC₇ exhibits the best electrochemical performance， the specific capacitance of activated carbon SAC₇ is as high as 136.4 F/g when the current density is 0.5 A/g， and its specific capacitance is as high as 92.0 F/g when the current density is 5 A/g， which shows a superior specific capacitance and rate performance. After 10000 cycles of charging and discharging， the SAC₇ still has a capacitance retention rate as high as 99.41%， with excellent cycling stability.