聚醚酰亚胺纳米纤维膜同步改善VARI成型CF/EP复合材料层间韧性和面内力学性能

阳泽濠, 宁博, 陈正国, 徐学宏, 刘卫平, 薛怿, 刘勇, 张辉, 俞建勇

PDF(6228 KB)
PDF(6228 KB)
材料工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2) : 202-212. DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000430
研究论文

聚醚酰亚胺纳米纤维膜同步改善VARI成型CF/EP复合材料层间韧性和面内力学性能

作者信息 +

Polyetherimide nanofiber membranes imultaneously enhance interlaminar toughness and in-plane mechanical properties of CF/EP composites prepared by VARI process

Author information +
History +

摘要

研究了静电纺聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)纳米纤维膜对真空辅助树脂灌注(VARI)成型碳纤维/环氧树脂(CF/EP)复合材料层间韧性和面内力学性能的影响规律及其内在微观机制。研究发现,PEI纳米纤维膜与环氧树脂浸渍性良好且不影响树脂流动,适用于灌注温度为70 ℃且灌注时间小于30 min的VARI成型工艺,在120 ℃的环氧树脂固化温度下6 min内完全溶解。PEI纳米纤维膜的引入可同时改善CF/EP复合材料的层间韧性和面内力学性能,15 g/m2的PEI纳米纤维膜可以使CF/EP 复合材料的Ⅰ型层间断裂韧度、Ⅱ型层间断裂韧度和层间剪切强度分别提升55.1%,65.4%和12.2%,20 g/m2的PEI纳米纤维膜使CF/EP复合材料的弯曲强度和模量分别提高了10.6%和9.3%,10 g/m2的PEI纳米纤维膜使压缩强度和压缩模量分别增加24.3%和18.9%。PEI纳米纤维膜通过原位溶解和环氧树脂固化诱导相分离,在CF/EP复合材料层间形成均匀分布的PEI/环氧树脂两相结构,提高了复合材料层间裂纹的扩展阻力和层间树脂基体的载荷转移能力,可能是复合材料层间韧性和面内力学性能得到改善的原因。

Abstract

This study investigates the influence and underlying microstructural mechanisms of electrospun polyetherimide (PEI) nanofiber membranes on the interlaminar toughness and in-plane mechanical properties of vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI) process molded carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composites. It is founded that PEI nanofiber membranes exhibit good wettability with epoxy resin and do not impede resin flow. PEI nanofiber membranes are suitable for the VARI process under the conditions of a 70 ℃ resin infusion temperature and infusion time less than 30 min. Furthermore, they are dissolved completely within 6 minutes at the resin curing temperature of 120 ℃. Incorporation of PEI nanofiber membranes enhances the interlaminar toughness and in-plane mechanical properties of CF/EP composites. Interleaving 15 g/m2 PEI nanofiber membrane in CF/EP composites increases the mode Ⅰ interlaminar fracture toughness, mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness, and interlaminar shear strength by 55.1%, 65.4%, and 12.2%, respectively. Introducting a 20 g/m2 PEI nanofiber membrane in CF/EP composites enhances the flexural strength and modulus by 10.6% and 9.3%, respectively. Moreover, adopting a 10 g/m2 PEI nanofiber membrane enhances the compression strength and modulus of CF/EP composites by 24.3% and 18.9%, respectively. The in-situ dissolution of PEI nanofiber membranes and the reaction induce phase separation during epoxy resin curing lead to a homogeneous PEI/epoxy resin bi-phase structure in the interlaminar region of CF/EP composites. These structures enhance the resistance to crack propagation and the load transfer capability of the interlaminar resin matrix, probably improvement in interlaminar toughness and in-plane mechanical properties of CF/EP composites.

关键词

碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料 / 真空辅助树脂灌注 / 聚醚酰亚胺 / 纳米纤维膜 / 层间韧性 / 面内力学性能

Key words

carbon fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite / vacuum-assisted resin infusion / polyetherimide / nanofiber membrane / interlaminar toughness / in-plane mechanical property

中图分类号

TB332

引用本文

导出引用
阳泽濠 , 宁博 , 陈正国 , . 聚醚酰亚胺纳米纤维膜同步改善VARI成型CF/EP复合材料层间韧性和面内力学性能. 材料工程. 2025, 53(2): 202-212 https://doi.org/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000430
Zehao YANG, Bo NING, Zhengguo CHEN, et al. Polyetherimide nanofiber membranes imultaneously enhance interlaminar toughness and in-plane mechanical properties of CF/EP composites prepared by VARI process[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering. 2025, 53(2): 202-212 https://doi.org/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2023.000430

参考文献

[1]
杜善义. 先进复合材料与航空航天[J]. 复合材料学报200724(1): 1-12.
DU S Y. Advance composite material and areospace[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica200724(1): 1-12.
[2]
董慧民, 安学锋, 益小苏, 等. 纤维增强聚合物基复合材料低速冲击研究进展[J]. 材料工程201543(5): 89-100.
DONG H M AN X F YI X S, et al. Research progress of low velocity impact of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering201543(5): 89-100.
[3]
陈珂龙, 张桐, 崔溢, 等. 超支化聚合物(HBPs)改性环氧树脂的研究进展[J]. 材料工程201947(7): 11-18.
CHEN K L ZHANG T CUI Y, et al. Progress of hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) as modifiers in epoxy resins [J]. Journal of Materials Engineering201947(7): 11-18.
[4]
刘刚, 张代军, 张晖, 等. 纳米粒子改性环氧树脂及其复合材料力学性能研究[J]. 材料工程2010(1): 47-53.
LIU G ZHANG D J ZHANG H, et al. Mechanical properties of nanoparticles modified epoxy matrix and composites [J]. Journal of Materials Engineering2010(1): 47-53.
[5]
李瑜, 邓金飞, 孙昭宜, 等. 端氨基聚硫橡胶增韧改性环氧树脂[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程201935(6): 100-104.
LI Y DNEG J F SUN Z Y, et al. Epoxy resin toughened by amino-terminated polysulfide rubber[J]. Polymer Materials Science & Engineering201935(6): 100-104.
[6]
李斌太, 邢丽英, 包建文, 等. 先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室的航空树脂基复合材料研发进展[J]. 航空材料学报201636(3): 92-100.
LI B T XING L Y BAO J W, et al. National defense science and technology key laboratory of advanced composite materials R&D progress of aerospace resin-based composite materials[J]. Journal of Aeronautical Materials201636(3): 92-100.
[7]
ZHENG N HUANG Y LIU H Y, et al. Improvement of interlaminar fracture toughness in carbon fiber/epoxy composites with carbon nanotubes/polysulfone interleaves[J]. Composites Science and Technology2017140: 8-15.
[8]
NASH N H YOUNG T M MCGRAIL P T, et al. Inclusion of a thermoplastic phase to improve impact and post-impact performances of carbon fibre reinforced thermosetting composites-a review[J]. Materials & Design201585: 582-597.
[9]
JIANG M LIU Y CHENG C, et al. Enhanced mechanical and thermal properties of monocomponent high performance epoxy resin by blending with hydroxyl terminated polyethersulfone[J]. Polymer Testing201869: 302-309.
[10]
ZHOU S CHEN Z TUSIIME R, et al. Highly improving the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin via blending with polyetherketone cardo[J]. Composites Communications201913: 80-84.
[11]
CHEN Z LUO J HUANG Z, et al. Synergistic toughen epoxy resin by incorporation of polyetherimide and amino groups grafted MWCNTs[J]. Composites Communications202021: 100377.
[12]
董抒华, 李伟东, 丁妍羽, 等. 基于“离位”增韧技术Z向注射RTM成型的浸润研究[J]. 材料工程201745(9): 52-58.
DONG S H LI W D DING Y Y, et al. Infiltration of Z-direction injection RTM process based on ex-situ toughening technology[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering201745(9): 52-58.
[13]
益小苏, 许亚洪, 程群峰, 等. 航空树脂基复合材料的高韧性化研究进展[J]. 科技导报200826(6): 84-92.
YI X S XU Y H CHENG Q F, et al. Advances in research on high toughness aerospace resin matrix composites [J]. Science & Technology Review200826(6): 84-92.
[14]
卢康逸, 张月义, 杨小平, 等. 碳纤维复合材料层间增强增韧技术研究进展[J]. 航空制造技术202063(18): 14-23.
LU K Y ZHANG Y Y YANG X P, et al. Research progress of interlaminar strengthened and toughened carbon fiber composites[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology202063(18): 14-23.
[15]
LIU D LI G LI B, et al. In-situ toughened CFRP composites by shear-calender orientation and fiber-bundle filtration of PA microparticles at prepreg interlayer[J]. Composites Part A201684: 165-174.
[16]
CHENG C CHEN Z HUANG Z, et al. Simultaneously improving mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates via interleaved with uniformly aligned PES fiber webs[J]. Composites Part A2020129: 105696.
[17]
郑昊, 李岩, 涂昊昀. 短纤维插层碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料层间性能[J]. 复合材料学报202239(8): 3674-3683.
ZHENG H LI Y TU H Y. Research on interlayer properties of short fiber intercalated carbon fiber / epoxy composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica202239(8):3674-3683.
[18]
ZHANG J LIN T WANG X. Electrospun nanofibre toughened carbon/epoxy composites: effects of polyetherketone cardo (PEK-C) nanofibre diameter and interlayer thickness[J]. Composites Science and Technology201070(11): 1660-1666.
[19]
LI G LI P YU Y, et al. Novel carbon fiber/epoxy composite toughened by electrospun polysulfone nanofibers[J]. Materials Letters200862(3): 511-514.
[20]
ZHANG H LIU Y KUWATA M, et al. Improved fracture toughness and integrated damage sensing capability by spray coated CNTs on carbon fibre prepreg[J]. Composites Part A201570: 102-110.
[21]
董慧民, 益小苏, 安学锋, 等. 纤维增强热固性聚合物基复合材料层间增韧研究进展[J]. 复合材料学报201431(2): 273-285.
DONG H M YI X S AN X F, et al. Development of interleaved fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer matrix composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica201431(2): 273-285.
[22]
杨金水, 肖加余, 曾竟成, 等. 真空导入模塑工艺中织物预成型体的可压缩性[J]. 复合材料学报201128(6): 1-7.
YANG J S XIAO J Y ZENG J C, et al. Compressibility of fabric preforms in vacuum infusion molding process[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica201128(6): 1-7.
[23]
李刚. 聚砜纳米纤维膜增韧环氧树脂及其碳纤维复合材料的研究[D]. 北京:北京化工大学, 2008.
LI G. Study on polysulfone nanofibrous membranes toughened epoxy resin and carbon fiber composite[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2008.
[24]
黄智彬, 李刚, 李鹏, 等. 聚砜纳米纤维增韧CFRP的制备及性能[J]. 复合材料学报200825(5): 25-32.
HUANG Z B LI G LI P, et al. Preparation and properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composite toughened by electrospun polysulfone nanofibers[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica200825(5): 25-32.
[25]
钟翔屿, 张代军, 包建文, 等. 增韧剂含量对国产高强中模炭纤维环氧复合材料耐冲击性能的影响[J]. 固体火箭技术201740(3): 372-379.
ZHONG X Y, ZHANG D J, BAO J W, Effect of toughening thermoplastic particles content on impact resistance of epoxy matrix composite reinforced by domestic intermediate modulus carbon fiber [J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology201740(3): 372-379.
[26]
LAN B LIU Y MO S, et al. Interlaminar fracture behavior of carbon fiber/polyimide composites toughened by interleaving thermoplastic polyimide fiber veils[J]. Materials202114(10): 2695.
[27]
MA Y J ZHUANG Y P LI C W, et al. Interlaminar mechanical properties and toughening mechanism of highly thermally stable composite modified by polyacrylonitrile nanofiber films[J]. Polymers202214(7): 1348.
[28]
WANG Y LIU X CHEN L, et al. Simultaneously improve the mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness, flexural properties, and impact strength of CFRP composites with short aramid fiber interlaminar toughening[J]. Polymer Composites202243(11): 8437-8442.
[29]
姚佳伟, 刘梦瑶, 牛一凡. PEK-C膜层间增韧碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能[J]. 复合材料学报201936(5): 1083-1091.
YAO J W LIU M Y NIU Y F. Mechanical properties of PEK-C interlayer toughened carbon fiber/epoxy composite[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica201936(5): 1083-1091.
[30]
CHO J B HWANG J W CHO K, et al. Effects of morphology on toughening of tetrafunctional epoxy resins with poly(ether imide)[J]. Polymer199334(23): 4832-4836.
[31]
JIANG H CHENG F HU Y, et al. Micro-mechanics modeling of compressive strength and elastic modulus enhancements in unidirectional CFRP with aramid pulp micro/nano-fiber interlays[J]. Composites Science and Technology2021206: 108664.
[32]
BEYLERGIL B TANOĞLU M AKTAŞ E. Enhancement of interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber-epoxy composites using polyamide-6,6 electrospun nanofibers[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science2017134(35): 45244.
[33]
İNAL O KATNAM K B POTLURI P, et al. Progress in interlaminar toughening of aerospace polymer composites using particles and non-woven veils[J]. Aeronautical Journal2022126(1295): 222-248.

基金

国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3709202)
上海市科委科技创新行动计划高新技术领域项目(20511107300)
上海市扬帆计划项目(19YF1417000)
国家商用飞机制造工程技术研究中心创新基金项目(COMAC-SFGS-2020-1156)

评论

PDF(6228 KB)

Accesses

Citation

Detail

段落导航
相关文章

/