为了探究低温条件下几种常用本构模型对我国隔震支座用橡胶材料的适用性及温度相关性问题，针对4种不同配方的隔震支座用橡胶材料开展了23~-60 ℃温度范围内的单轴拉伸实验。用最小二乘法拟合得到了7种本构模型的材料参数，分析了不同本构在低温下的适用性。利用ABAQUS软件，对4种橡胶材料进行不同温度下的单轴拉伸模拟，验证了各本构模型参数的正确性及模型的稳定性。结果表明，在23~-40 ℃温度范围内，与其他几种本构相比，Yeoh模型的稳定性好且计算精度高。在-60 ℃时，橡胶材料完全固化，考察的7种本构模型均不能精确反映橡胶材料的力学特征。通过对Yeoh模型温度相关性的研究，提出了一个考虑温度相关性的Yeoh修正模型，据此可对不同温度下相近剪切模量的橡胶材料力学性能进行预测。

To investigate the applicability and temperature dependence of several commonly used constitutive models of rubber materials for seismic isolation bearings in our country at low temperatures， uniaxial tensile tests are conducted on four different formulations of rubber materials used in seismic isolation bearings. These tests are performed at temperatures ranging from 23 ℃ to -60 ℃. The material parameters of seven constitutive models are determined using the least squares fitting method， and their suitability at low temperatures is analyzed. Additionally， ABAQUS software is employed to conduct uniaxial tensile simulations of the four rubber materials at various temperatures， aiming to verify parameter accuracy and assess model convergence for each constitutive model. The results demonstrate that the Yeoh model exhibits superior stability and computational accuracy compared to other constitutive models at temperatures ranging from 23 ℃ to -40 ℃. However， at -60 ℃， the rubber material undergoes complete solidification， and none of the seven constitutive models considered in this study accurately capture its mechanical characteristics. Consequently， by investigating the temperature dependency of the Yeoh model， this study proposes a functional expression incorporating temperature effects. This expression enables the predicting of mechanical properties for rubber materials with similar shear modulus at different temperatures.