Objectives An efficient and scientific system of training talents by integrating vocational college education with undergraduate education was established. Methods The seamless integration and progressive training of 3-year vocational education and 2-year undergraduate education in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine major was conducted. The objectives of training three levels of abilities including the basic ability, professional ability, and innovative ability were clarified to train compound talents with solid theoretical foundation and excellent practical skills and innovative spirit. Results The model established effectively enhanced the comprehensive quality and employment competitiveness of students trained. Students acquired solid professional knowledge and possessed strong practical skills and innovative thinking after graduation, meeting the society's demand for high-quality and high skilled talents. The model established promoted the close connection between universities and society as well, providing strong support of talents for the development of the animal husbandry and veterinary industry. Conclusions The implementation of the model of training talents based on the "Three Two Progression" of ability achieved the seamless integration and progressive training between vocational education and undergraduate education, effectively promoting the comprehensive improvement of abilities of students, further promoting the improvement in quality of training talents, and providing strong guarantee for talents in developing animal husbandry and veterinary industry. It will provide useful reference and guidance for training talents in other majors.