Objectives The recovery rate of organophosphate pesticides extracted from samples of poultry feed was optimized and improved to better detect residues of common organophosphate pesticide in poultry feed. Methods Solid phase fiber microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to optimize the extraction efficiency of four types of organophosphate pesticides including clopyralid, malathion, terbufos and triazophos in poultry feed by changing parameters of extraction including stirring speed, extraction time, pH, addition of inorganic salts, and resolving solvents and volume of resolving solvents. Results The recovery rate of organophosphate pesticides in poultry feed with the extraction method optimized was in the range of 91.8% to 98.3%. The extraction efficiency of organophosphate pesticides was the highest, reaching 98.3% under the experimental conditions of stirring speed of 1 200 r/min, extraction time of 25 min, pH6, repeated desorption of ethyl acetate twice without adding other salts. Conclusions The optimized solid-phase fiber extraction method has the characteristics of high sensitivity, good repeatability, green, rapid, and economical feasibility, greatly improving the efficiency of detecting, analyzing, and extracting organophosphate pesticides in samples of poultry feed.