Objectives The effects of compound microecological agents on the immunity, production performance, intestinal health, utilization efficiency of feed and other aspects of sows were studied. Methods The studies on the application of compound microecological agents in the feed for sows including types of agents, dosages of addition, and stages of use in recent years were summarized by reviewing the relevant literature. Results Compound microbial agents had positive effects in enhancing the immunity of sows, improving the productivity of sows, improving the balance of gut microbiota in sows, and increasing the utilization efficiency of feed. They effectively reduced the incidence of diseases in sows, improved the reproductive performance of sows, and promoted the growth and development of piglets. Conclusions Compound microbial agents have broad application prospects in the feed for sows, but there are differences in the effects under different agents and condition of usage. In-depth studies are further needed to optimize the schemes of application and obtain better benefits of farming.