Objectives A internet of things (IoT) platform was established to real-time monitor and analyze environmental parameters in chicken coops to assess temperature, humidity, wind speed, the concentration of carbon dioxide, particulate matter, and noise levels, and study their effects on the production performance of breeding chicken to propose suggestions for optimizing the management of environment for chicken coops. Methods 2 experimental chicken coops were selected to install sensors for real-time monitoring the environmental parameters inside the chicken coops including the temperature, humidity, wind speed, the concentration of carbon dioxide, particulate matter, and noise levels. Data were collected from March 18, 2022 to September 13, 2022, with records taken every 5 minutes. The data collected were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. GLM module, multiple comparisons, and non-parametric testing methods were used to evaluate the distribution of various environmental parameters. Results There were significant differences in various environmental parameters within the chicken coops during the period of experiment. The fluctuation range of the temperature, the relative humidity, the wind speed, and the concentration of carbon dioxide was 14.5-25.8℃, 27.7%-83.5%, 0-0.6m/s, and 0.334-3.605mL/L, respectively. The concentrations of particulate matter and noise levels met the standards, except for significant changes caused by specific activities. The fluctuation and uneven distribution of environmental parameters had a certain impact on the production performance of breeding chickens. Conclusions There are certain fluctuations and differences in various environmental parameters of chicken coops, especially in temperature, humidity, and the concentration of carbon dioxide, with low and uneven distribution of wind speed. It is recommended to adopt zonal control technology to improve the uniformity of temperature distribution, strengthen ventilation and increase regulation equipment of wind speed, reasonably schedule the time of feeding and cleaning manure to optimize the management of the environment for chicken coops and ensure the health and productivity of the chicken flocks.