Soil contamination with heavy metal is one of widespread global issues. impacting not only food safety but also the safety of Chinese medicinal herbs. At present， the problem of heavy metal exceedances in Chinese medicinal herbs is becoming increasingly severe， warranting a comprehensive review of the types， levels， and potential causes of contamination in plant - based Chinese herbal medicines to address market gaps in China. The findings reveal that heavy metal contamination is both widespread and serious， particularly in rhizome - based medicinal materials， with cadmium （Cd） being the most prevalent pollutant. In addition， the excessive presence of heavy metals in Chinese herbal medicines was directly related to the heavy metal content of planting soils. Therefore， strengthening regulatory measures on heavy metal exceedances offers a potential solution to mitigate the contamination of Chinese medicinal herbs.

This study was conducted by reviewing the progress of research on chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis in order to provide reference for its research. Through reviewing relevant literature and books at home and abroad， the researches on chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis were summarized. The results show that Gardenia jasminoides Ellis mainly contains chemical components such as cyclic enether terpenoids， flavonoids and triterpenoids， which have the effects of protecting nerves and liver，lowering blood sugar and resisting rheumatoid arthritis， etc. With the in－depth research of pharmacological effects and related targets and pathways， the pharmacological action mechanism of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis will be elucidated continuously. This paper reviews the research progress of the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Gardenia jasminoides Ellisin order to provide a reference for its further research.

This research aims to study the effects of extracting time， extraction solution multiples and times in the water extraction method， as well as different extraction methods on different types of Dendrobium polysaccharides. The results showed that Dendrobium officinale grown in untreated artificial greenhouses has the highest polysaccharide concentration， followed by that of imitation wild Dendrobium officinale. Under the same conditions， after deproteinization using Sevag reagent， the concentration of polysaccharides in the three types of Dendrobium decreased significantly. Among them， the loss rate of imitation wild planting Dendrobium officinale is the largest， as high as 17.7%. In addition， the polysaccharides in Dendrobium devonianum and Dendrobium officinale have better scavenging effect on hydroxyl free radicals. The crude polysaccharide and its purified polysaccharide have better effect on free radicals and DPPH free radicals also have a certain scavenging ability. Different Dendrobium species and planting methods lead to differences in the mass concentration and activity of crude polysaccharides and purified polysaccharides among the three dendrobium samples.

The codon usage preferences and differences among cultivated and wild barley， Hordeum vulgare var. Coleste， H. vulgare ssp. vulgare and H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum， were analyzed based on the coding sequences of their chloroplast genomes. The results demonstrated that the cytosine and guanine （GC） content at different codon positions （GC1， GC2， GC3） exhibited a gradient decrease across the three species （46.74%/46.80%/46.63%， 39.47%/39.43%/39.43%， 29.80%/29.75%/30.25%）. All three species shared 31 highly preferred codons （RSCU > 1）， with 29 of these codons ending in A/U， indicating a significant preference for NNA/NNU endings. The effective codon number （ENC） values of the chloroplast genomes （47.14， 47.02， 47.75） and the proportion of genes with ENC > 45 （39， 39， 42） suggested a relatively weak overall codon preference. Neutral plotting， ENC-plot， and PR2-plot analyses confirmed that natural selection was the primary driving force behind the formation of codon preferences. Furthermore， two cultivated barley exhibited high convergence in terms of GC composition， ENC distribution， and optimal codons （including specific GCA/AGA）. This suggests that artificial selection through purifying selection has enhanced the genetic stability of beneficial traits， offering new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying barley domestication.

基于网络药理学和生物信息学探讨了阔叶十大功劳（Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr, MB）治疗肝癌的作用机制.首先，利用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP）数据库获取MB的靶点，并通过基因表达综合数据库（GEO）数据库下载肝癌数据集GSE45267.使用Cytoscape软件和STRING数据库构建蛋白互作网络，并通过David数据库进行基因本体论（GO）和京都基因与基因组（KEGG）富集分析.此外，运用GEPIA、THPA、UALCAN和KaplanMeier等数据库进行差异表达、蛋白分析、临床相关性和生存分析，最后通过DS BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2016 v16.1软件进行分子对接.研究筛选出8个hub基因（CCNB1、CCNB2、AURKA、CCNA2、CCNE1、CHEK1、CDK1、TOP2A），这些基因在肝癌组织中显著高表达.生存分析表明，这8个基因与总生存期和无进展生存期显著相关.分子对接结果表明，7个蛋白（CCNB1、AURKA、CCNA2、CCNE1、CHEK1、CDK1、TOP2A）可与MB的成分进行结合.综合网络药理学和生物信息学分析，发现MB通过多个成分、靶点和通路协同作用，可能对肝癌具有治疗潜力.

基于高效液相色谱法和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼、2,2′-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐、铁离子还原/抗氧化能力法，用于同时测定黄毛耳草不同部位中东莨菪内酯、芦丁、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷及总香豆素、总黄酮质量分数，并评价不同部位的抗氧化活性.结果表明，黄毛耳草不同部位中东莨菪内酯、芦丁、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷3个成分及总香豆素、总黄酮的质量分数在叶部最高，全草中次之，茎中最低；抗氧化能力为叶>全草>茎.方法简便易行，结果准确且重复性好，适用于黄毛耳草不同部位的成分定量分析及药理活性评价.

为了能够更加清晰和可量化审视旅游业发展对贫困地区、贫困人口的经济、社会和生态影响，本文运用多元统计分析方法对滇西10个州市旅游扶贫绩效进行实证分析.通过结合当地经济发展主要指标和其他基础条件，构建科学适用的旅游扶贫绩效评价指标体系，据此对滇西深度贫困地区进行综合评估分析，为当地产业发展衔接乡村振兴策略的制定提供定量依据.

芳香醛类化合物是一种重要的化工原料，广泛应用于医药、农药、香料和染料等行业，因而高效制备芳香醛对化工行业非常关键.然而，传统的芳香醛合成方法因使用高毒性催化剂并产生大量有毒副产物，对环境污染严重，从而限制了其应用.为此，设计了可见光促进的氧气氧化溴化苄和氯化苄的反应.通过对反应条件的筛选，确定了最佳反应条件.当使用fac-Ir（ppy）₃作为光催化剂，碳酸钾作为碱，乙腈作为溶剂时，该催化体系表现出优异的催化活性，各类取代基的溴化苄和氯化苄底物均可转化为相应的芳香醛，最高可以达到96%的收率.

为了定量评估卷烟的持灰能力，了解其现状并探索影响因素，对持灰能力的测定方法进行研究.对部分常规规格卷烟的持灰能力进行了测定及统计分析，并研究了持灰能力与卷烟自由燃烧速度间的关系.结果表明，基于全程录像和灰柱断裂瞬间图像分析的卷烟持灰能力测定方法具有准确的结果和良好的重复性.30种不同牌号卷烟的持灰能力介于36.28～48.01 mm之间，且不同牌号卷烟的持灰能力存在显著差异.此外，卷烟持灰能力与自由燃烧速度间呈显著的正相关关系.

基于网络药理学和临床预测模型的技术，探究化浊解毒方药治疗溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的作用机制及疗效影响因素.基于网络药理学预测得到化浊解毒方药治疗UC的有效化学成分、关键靶点蛋白和通路，并通过GEO数据库对关键靶点蛋白进行基因表达差异分析.回顾性分析2019年7月—2021年12月间于河北省中医院住院应用化浊解毒方药口服及灌肠法联合美沙拉嗪治疗的95例UC湿热毒蕴型患者的临床资料，采用多因素逐步Logistic回归分析疗效影响因素，依照分析结果构建模型并验证.化浊解毒方药干预UC的有效化学成分主要包括：槲皮素、山奈酚、β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇、异鼠李素等，具有表达差异的关键靶点蛋白包括RXRA、TNF、NR3C2、XDH、JUN等，治疗过程涉及IL-17信号通路、TNF信号通路、T细胞受体信号通路、Th17细胞分化等通路.多因素逐步Logistics回归分析后，选取发病季节、血沉、红细胞平均体积、红细胞分布宽度、脉象、苔象、中医评分(腹泻)7项指标进行列线图的绘制.标准曲线与校准预测曲线有较好的一致性，AUC(95%CI)为0.850(0.752～0.948),特异度0.845,灵敏度0.792,准确度0.832,DCA曲线表明该模型具有良好的收益率.结论可知，化浊解毒方药可能是通过调节IL-17、TNF、T细胞受体信号、Th17细胞分化等通路及RXRA、TNF、NR3C2、XDH、JUN等关键靶点蛋白对UC进行干预治疗.基于临床资料构建的临床预测模型具有相对准确性和辨识性，临床应用可获得较好的正向收益.

运用网络药理学结合分子对接技术探讨芪胶升白胶囊治疗白细胞减少症的作用机制.通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台数据库(TCMSP)和SwissTargetPrediction数据库综合相关文献报道获得芪胶升白胶囊功能靶标，在GeneCards数据库中获取白细胞减少症的治疗靶点，并对两者取交集靶点后，在DAVID数据库中进行基因本体论(GO)功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析.收集我院住院期间使用芪胶升白胶囊的白细胞减少症患者，比较使用前、后白细胞水平变化.采用动物实验验证网络药理学预测芪胶升白胶囊治疗白细胞减少症的核心靶点.芪胶升白胶囊与白细胞减少症交集靶点有124个，GO富集分析主要在基因表达调控、凋亡过程、细胞增殖等方面，KEGG富集分析主要在PI3K-Akt信号、细胞衰老、TNF信号通路、细胞凋亡、IL-17信号通路、NF-kappa B信号通路等方面.通过“药物-活性成分-靶点-通路-疾病”网络图分析发现，槲皮素、木犀草素、金雀异黄素、山柰酚、β-谷甾醇、非瑟酮、甘草素、8-异戊烯-山奈酚、花萼素、β-胡萝卜素作为芪胶升白胶囊的核心活性成分，可作用于PTGS2、RXRA、PIK3CG、CDK2、TNF、IL6、AKT1、CASP3、MAPK1、BCL2关键靶点，发挥治疗白细胞减少症的作用.临床研究发现，芪胶升白胶囊可明显升高住院期间白细胞减少症患者的白细胞水平，有效率达60.00%.动物实验发现，芪胶升白胶囊可明显升高小鼠白细胞水平(P<0.05),降低外周血TNF-α、IL-6水平(P<0.05).结果表明，芪胶升白胶囊中活性成分可作用于TNF-α、IL-6等关键靶点，参与免疫炎症等通路发挥治疗白细胞减少症的作用.

Based on bibliometrics， the research overview， cutting－edge trends and research cooperation of plant glandular trichomes from 1991 to 2021 were analyzed through the CNKI and Web of Science （WOS） databases， with the help of literature information visualization analysis software VOSviewer and CiteSpace system， in order to provide scientific support and theoretical reference for related research in the field of plant glandular trichomes. The results show that the number of Chinese literature publications has shown a general downward trend in recent years， while the number of English literature publications has increased year by year. The hotspots in Chinese literature mainly focus on the study of the chemical composition of glandular trichome secretions of agricultural crops such as tobacco and medicinal plants such as Artemisia annua， while English literature is more concentrated on the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in glandular trichomes and gene expression related to glandular development. In terms of research cooperation， there is close cooperation among the institutions publishing English literature， but the research topics are highly independent. In contrast， while the themes of literature publication from Chinese publishing teams have strong thematic associations and a lot of cross－collaboration. In the future， domestic research on plant glandular trichomes may focus on cultivating new varieties through techniques such as gene editing， increasing the yield of target metabolites， and providing guidance production applications.

课程思政建设是落实立德树人教育的重要措施.围绕不同课程内容特点挖掘思政元素，融合价值塑造、知识传授和能力培养，构建全体系育人教育.以有机化学实验课程为例，探讨了将课程思政教育融入实验课教学中，构建有机化学实验课程思政教学模式和推进有机化学实验课程思政建设.

运用多种色谱分离方法对滇重楼内生真菌Penicillium chrysogenumYNCA1212次生代谢产物进行化学成分研究，共分离鉴定了9个化合物，分别为：macrophorin A （1）、macrophorin D （2）、peniginsengin A （3）、dihydrodemethylsorbicillin （4）、2′,3′-dihydrosorbicillin （5）、（2E,4E）-1-（2,6-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl）hexa-2,4-dien-1-one（6）、（S）-penipratynolene （7）、3,5-dihydroxytoluene （8）、N-（2-hydroxypropanoyl）-2-aminobenzoic acid amide （9）,化合物6对金黄色葡萄球菌具有弱的抑菌活性(IC₅₀=136.7μg/mL).

探讨阿胶强骨口服液增强免疫力的作用.以盐酸左旋咪唑、贞芪颗粒作为阳性对照，分别以不同剂量的阿胶强骨口服液给小鼠连续灌胃2周，检测对小鼠体重、胸腺、脾脏器官、脾淋巴细胞转化、碳廓清、巨噬细胞吞噬活性功能、免疫球蛋白IgG、lgM、lgA、cAMP和cGMP含量的影响.结果发现，阿胶强骨口服液可促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖转化(p<0.05);提高巨噬细胞的吞噬中性红(p<0.01)和金黄色葡萄球菌(p<0.01)的功能；并对正常小鼠IgM有显著促进提升作用(p<0.05).阿胶强骨口服液具有一定的增强免疫力的作用.

分别采用醋酸扭体法和热板法研究雪上一枝蒿总碱及5个主要二萜生物碱成分乌头碱、3-去氧乌头碱、尼奥灵、12-表-15-乙酰欧乌头碱、12-表-欧乌头碱外周和中枢的镇痛活性.与空白对照组比较，雪上一枝蒿总碱高、中剂量组，乌头碱高、中、低剂量组，尼奥灵高、中剂量组，12-表-15-乙酰欧乌头碱的高剂量组和12-表-欧乌头碱的中剂量组对冰醋酸所致的小鼠扭体均具有抑制作用，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);与本组基础痛阈值比较，雪上一枝蒿总碱高、中、低剂量组，乌头碱高、中、低剂量组，3-去氧乌头碱高剂量组，尼奥灵、12-表-15-乙酰欧乌头碱以及12-表-欧乌头碱的高、中剂量组在给药15 min后均能显著延长热板所致小鼠疼痛的痛阈值(P<0.05或P<0.01).由此可得，雪上一枝蒿总碱及5个主要二萜生物碱成分均有明显的镇痛作用.

采用网络药理学、分子对接和细胞炎症模型方法，研究巴蜀颗粒治疗气道炎症的作用靶点和机制.通过TCMSP和GeneCard等数据库对巴蜀颗粒中药材成分和靶点，气道炎症相关靶点进行搜集；采用富集分析对相关靶点进行生物生理过程分析，通路分析；采用pymol软件将筛选出来的潜在活性成分与核心蛋白靶点进行分子对接.建立细菌脂多糖(LPS)诱导巨噬细胞炎症模型，用Western-blot法检测巴蜀颗粒及不同活性成分对iNOS和p65等蛋白表达量的影响.网络药理学结果显示巴蜀颗粒治疗气道炎症的药效成分有8个，作用靶点有9个；GO富集分析得到1 368个生理过程；KEGG富集得到134条相关信号通路；蛋白分子模拟对接发现槲皮素、山奈酚和木犀草素等成分与AKT1、MAPKs的结合能比较低，为优秀结合位构象.细胞实验结果显示巴蜀颗粒组对比LPS刺激组可降低iNOS蛋白的表达量，明显抑制p65蛋白磷酸化.预测出的潜在活性成分也可以不同程度降低iNOS表达量.巴蜀颗粒可能通过槲皮素、山奈酚、木犀草素等成分调控iNOS、p65等蛋白对气道炎症发挥治疗作用.

为探究纳米制剂技术和促渗剂对滇白珠提取物体外透皮性能的影响，分别采用介质研磨法和薄膜分散法，将提取物制备成纳米混悬液和纳米脂质体，测定了其中总黄酮和水杨酸类成分的载药量与包封率.随后，通过Franz扩散池法，进一步评估这2种制剂在小鼠皮肤上的累积渗透率和皮内滞留量.结果发现，24 h内，脂质体水杨酸累积渗透量是纳米混悬液的1.34倍；皮内滞留量为纳米混悬液的3.78倍；不同促渗剂对累积渗透量的影响按照氮酮≈薄荷醇>丙二醇>无促渗剂的顺序递减，但对皮内滞留量的影响基本可忽略.水杨酸类成分的渗透和滞留均显著高于总黄酮.因此，纳米制剂技术、促渗剂及活性成分的性质均对体外透皮行为产生不同程度的影响，采取综合策略可提高中药制剂的经皮吸收性能.

Cardiovascular disease has always been a major factor threatening human life and health. If the pathological information contained in human heart sound signals can be accurately classified， it will be very helpful for disease diagnosis and control. Firstly， particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the traditional support vector machine algorithm， and a binary classifier model is proposed. The primary classifier is composed of three algorithms Adaboost， RF and PSOA－SVM based on Stacking method， and the secondary classifier is LR model； Secondly， the improved Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm is used to find the optimal parameter combination of support vector machine to get a new classifier model； Finally， the heart sound data set is used to analyze the two classifier models. The experiments show that the two models show excellent classification results.

This paper proposes an improved BP neural network prediction model based on hybrid genetic ant colony algorithm （GA－ACO）. Through Pearson correlation coefficient formula， meteorological features with strong correlation with photovoltaic power output are calculated as the input of the training model to reduce the influence of irrelevant meteorological features on the forecast of photovoltaic power output. The genetic algorithm（GA） is used to generate the pheromone distribution in search of the optimal parameter. The ant colony algorithm（ACO） outputs the optimal weight threshold under the condition of the initial pheromone distribution， and the BP neural network is trained twice to output the predicted value. The analysis results show that： taking sunny days as an example， the relative error of GA－ACO－BP neural network model is reduced by 9.47， 4.83 and 3.27 percentage point respectively， compared with the traditional BP neural network model， ACO－BP neural network model and GA-BP neural network model. Therefore， GA－ACO－BP neural network model has better prediction accuracy when applied to photovoltaic power generation prediction.

This study aims to investigate the effects of iron-based biochar combined with chitin on the physico-chemical properties and enzyme activities of soils under continuous cropping of Panax notoginseng. The experiment included four treatments（T1 ~ T4） and one Control（CK）. The results showed that the soil electrical conductivity in T3 and T4 treatments was increased by 71.42% and 78.57%， respectively， compared with CK. The total nitrogen content in the soil significantly increased in the T4 treatment. After 15 days of cultivation， the soil sucrase activity in the T4 treatment increased by 6.17% compared to CK； the protease and urease activities in the T1 and T4 treatments increased by 11.33% and 19.08% respectively， compared with CK. The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in Panax notoginseng leaves in T3 treatment were highest. After 30 days of cultivation， the activities of the three enzymes in the soil decreased to varying degrees compared with those after 15 days. Correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between invertase and nitrate nitrogen， a significant negative correlation between urease and pH， and a significant negative correlation between sucrase and superoxide dismutase and soil， a significant negative correlation between organic carbon， and a significant negative correlation between superoxide dismutase and total soil nitrogen. PCA analysis indicated that the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities in the T3 treatment differed from those in other treatments.

波达方向估计(DOA)是阵列信号处理领域一个探究的重点，也是水声领域常用的定位方法之一.其中最为经典的就是常规波束形成算法(CBF)、多重信号分类算法(MUSIC)和旋转不变子空间算法(ESPRIT)等.基于水声信道的特殊性，不同DOA估计方法的应用领域和适用条件不同，针对水声信号，对已有的多种DOA估计方法的理论和应用性能进行比较，通过仿真分析，确定不同DOA估计方法在水声信号分析中的最佳应用环境，为后续水下声源的定位和探测等应用提供基础.

针对现有植物叶片识别研究存在的模型泛化性差的问题，本文设计一个基于MobileNetV3-Large网络和迁移学习的植物叶片识别系统.通过自采集图像补充数据和使用图像锐化、翻转、亮度增强等方法构建了包含32种植物的大规模叶片数据集，以MobileNetV3-Large网络和预训练权重为前提，寻找最佳超参数完成模型的迁移学习，对32种植物叶片进行特征提取和分类.通过PyQt5的前后端部署，该方法被实例化为一个实用性强的植物叶片识别系统.在测试集上的实验结果表明，MobileNetV3-Large达到98.45%的识别准确率，与AlexNet、ResNet和MobileNetV2相比分别提高12.46%、1.09%和9.62%,有效弥补了模型泛化性差的短板.该系统对32类植物的叶片的识别效果颇佳，满足各种场景下的植物叶片种类识别的需求.

The extraction process of active substances from Cubilose was studied by ultrasound-assisted aqueous enzymatic method， and the antioxidant activity and component analysis of the extract were evaluated. Taking Indonesia rough processed Cubilose as the research object， the samples were prepared by crushing treatment. Based on single factor experimental screening， the central composite design（CCD） experiment was carried out， and the clearance rate of ABTS free radicals was used as the response value for response surface optimization. The experimental results showed that the optimal extraction process for antioxidant substances in Cubilose is alkaline protease 5.36%， enzymatic hydrolysis time 2.5 hours， enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 55 ℃， a solid-liquid ratio of 1：39.51， ultrasonic time 25 minutes， and ultrasonic power 180 W. The experimental prediction showed that the optimal clearance rate is 89.708 4%. The clearance rate of the experimental results was close to the expected value， reaching 89.70%， with almost no difference between them. Further analysis of the total extract of Cubilose with added gastric protease and alkaline protease by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） and secondary mass spectrometry（LC-MS-MS-MS） showed that alkaline protease had the most extractable components and the strongest antioxidant capacity. This study indicated that the introduction of ultrasound technology has a promoting effect on the extraction of antioxidant substances from Cubilose by using water enzyme method. The excellent extraction effect of alkaline protease can provide new ideas for improving the edible effect of Cubilose and a certain theoretical guide for the further development and utilization of Cubilose.

稀疏性是推荐算法存在的问题之一，解决稀疏性问题的常用方法是矩阵分解，矩阵分解结合用户相似度可以提高推荐的准确率，但是传统的相似度计算方法并未考虑用户对项目评分数量的差异，因此构建的相似度矩阵是对称的.针对这一问题，结合Pearson相关系数，给出一种新的计算方法——用户非对称相似度.在考虑用户对相同项目评分的同时，计算用户间评分相同的项目数与用户所有评分项目数的比值，以此拉近用户之间相似的程度，且得到用户之间的非对称关系.其次，利用用户非对称相似度方法计算用户间相似度矩阵，将相似度矩阵与用户评分矩阵融入到概率矩阵分解框架中，实现用户的社会化推荐.在公开数据集上测试，结果显示改进的非对称相似度公式相比传统的相似度计算公式，在稀疏的数据集上进行社会化推荐能得到更准确的推荐结果.

This paper studies the cost control strategies in hospital operation management， focusing on the combination of mathematical statistics multiple regression model for cost calculation and analysis. First of all， the basic content of hospital operation management is introduced. In terms of cost accounting， capitalized cost accounting and expense cost accounting models are proposed. Then， an operation management cost control system is established， and the control tasks and target costs are set at different stages. It includes logistics material management， operational cost optimization and supplier qualification driven cost control， providing a comprehensive and systematic cost control framework for hospitals. Finally， the significant results of medical consumables a and b in cost control are verified. The cost of consumables a is reduced by 41 178 RMB， a decrease of 3.46%， while the cost of consumables b is reduced by 4 939 RMB， a decrease of or 4.07%. This paper provides a scientific basis for hospital management to make decisions， and provides a practical and feasible method for improving operation efficiency and reducing costs.

为全面精准掌握卷烟零售客户对烟草行业各区县分公司和相关单位在卷烟营销工作中的满意程度，不断完善客户服务方式，持续提升客户服务水平，提出一个基于多流深度残差GRU神经网络的卷烟零售客户综合满意度评价模型.该模型基于2 301 759条2015-2022年间的零售客户满意度调查问卷数据进行学习，将客户对服务的满意度划分为6个等级，并进行相应的情感分析，得到最终的情感分类结果作为综合满意度评价的依据.仿真对比实验和实际数据分析结果表明，所提模型具有较强的文本特征提取能力，相较传统的客户综合满意度评价方法可以获得更有效的情感分类效果和满意度评价结果，为相关行业零售市场的管理提供了新的视角和工具.

以目前关注度比较高的CTF竞赛为切入点，通过将CTF竞赛相关技能需求与课程知识融合、组建CTF团队、开展CTF竞赛等，引领教师、学生更积极的学习相关课程并将其在CTF平台上实践，可助力欠发达地区高校在网络信息安全人才培养上克服一定的困难，走上教育质量可持续提升的发展之路.

现今车辆计算任务量大、复杂度高、难以满足实时性需求.为解决该问题，在移动边缘计算(mobile edge computing, MEC)的背景下，提出一种半迁移卸载模式.半迁移卸载模式即在基站与车辆间加入小型微处理单元，车辆一次性将复杂的计算任务全部卸载至MEC服务器上，当车辆即将驶离通信范围临界点时MEC服务器回传已处理好的任务以提高实时性，未处理的任务随基站进行任务迁移.仿真实验结果表明，半迁移卸载模式有效降低了任务计算时延，提高了车辆与服务器之间的数据吞吐量.

Traditional Soxhlet extraction for measuring oil content is time－consuming and consumes a large amount of organic solvents. To solve these problems， seven typical tobacco seed samples， including flue－cured tobacco， sun－cured tobacco， burley tobacco and aromatic tobacco were selected to establish a rapid determination method based on serial petroleum ether Soxhlet extraction. This method extracts more than ten samples by placing multiple samples in different overlapping and tandem sample tubes using a single Soxhlet extractor. Subsequently， the oil content is calculated by the difference in the samples before and after extraction. The establishment of this method provides a new， rapid and accurate analytical approach for measuring oil content in tobacco seeds. This method is also applicable to oilseeds such as dragon fruit seeds， sesame seeds， rapeseeds， and perilla seeds， which indicates its good general applicability.

针对网购用户所产生的购物行为进行分析，首先通过数据处理构建客户关系管理模型(RFM模型),在此模型的基础上采用特征分箱法和K-Means聚类两种方法对用户进行细分，并对2种模型结果进行比较分析，讨论二者的差异性和具体的应用范围和意义.其中，基于特征分箱法的RFM模型将变量转化到相似的尺度上并将变量离散化，使得用户分类标签更加清晰，也可依据各类标签分类出不同类型的用户.K-Means算法通过轮廓系数评估聚类算法质量以至于选取最优K值.本文实验分析结果可为运营商提供更加可靠直观的数据，使得运营商可以根据不同用户的不同行为进行市场细分，进而进行精准营销和服务设置.

以沙棘果为原料，乙醇溶液为主要溶剂，沙棘果总黄酮提取量为评价指标，采用超声波辅助法在单因素实验基础上结合响应面分析法，综合考察了超声提取时间、提取温度、提取液(乙醇)体积分数、液料比4因素对沙棘果总黄酮的提取量影响.结果表明，沙棘果中总黄酮的最佳提取条件为：超声提取时间34 min、提取温度77℃、提取液(乙醇)体积分数60%、料液比22.8∶1.在此工艺条件下沙棘果总黄酮得率为5.694 mg/g,与理论预测值5.770 mg/g的RSD值为1.33%,小于5%,模型拟合性良好.对制得的沙棘果总黄酮提取物粗品，采用清除DPPH自由基法与羟自由基法，以同浓度的维生素C溶液作为阳性对照，进行体外抗氧化活性测定.按清除DPPH自由基法得到的维生素C、沙棘果提取物的IC_(50)值分别为0.13、2.32 mg/mL,按羟自由基法得到的IC_(50)值分别为0.11、0.45 mg/mL,说明沙棘果总黄酮具有较好抗氧化活性.

探讨灯盏花胶囊对糖尿病肾病(DN)模型小鼠的疗效.随机抽取雄性C57BL/6J小鼠8只为正常对照，剩余62只饲喂高糖高脂饲料12周后，采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素复制DN模型；将40只成模小鼠随机分为模型对照、阳性苯那普利(10 mg/kg)以及灯盏花胶囊低(0.75 g/kg)、中(1.5 g/kg)、高剂量组(3.0 g/kg),每组8只；各组动物连续给药6周，正常和模型组灌胃等容积纯水.检测各组小鼠空腹血糖(FBG)、24 h尿蛋白及血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、白蛋白(ALB)、肌酐(Cre)、尿素氮(BUN)和胰岛素(FINS)水平；HE染色观察各组小鼠肾脏组织病理学变化.结果显示模型组小鼠给药期间血糖及尿蛋白水平缓慢升高，末期肾功能受到损害，血肌酐及尿素氮明显上升，病理检查发现肾小球明显肥大，系膜区扩张，基膜增厚；各组给药6周后，小鼠FBG、24 h尿蛋白及血清中BUN、CRE、TC、TG、LDL、FINS水平和肝肾指数较模型组明显降低(p<0.05/0.01),ALB明显提升(p<0.05/0.01),肾组织病变较模型组有所减轻.本研究表明灯盏花胶囊可以明显改善高糖高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素诱发的2型糖尿病肾病小鼠的肾脏损害，一定程度保护肾功能，延缓肾功能减退.

基于网络药理学和分子对接探讨二至丸治疗脂溢性脱发的作用机制.通过TCMSP数据库检索和收集二至丸的药物成分信息，通过Disgenet, TTD,OMIM,Genecards, Drugbank等数据库收集脂溢性脱发相关疾病靶点，利用Swiss Target Prediction预测药物活性成分靶点，并获取活性药物成分和疾病的共同靶点，运用String数据库、Cytoscape3.7.2软件构建PPI网络图，通过Metascape数据库进行GO生物注释和KEGG通路富集分析，并用Cytoscape3.7.2进行可视化，构建靶点和通路网络图.收集并筛选到二至丸活性成分15个、靶点170个，与脂溢性脱发相关的靶点533个，共同靶点44个，其中AKT1、VEGFA、IL6、TNF、PPARG、ERBB2、ESR1的相互作用最显著，其参与了RNA聚合酶Ⅱ启动子调控、癌症通路、脂质与动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、IL-17信号通路、前列腺癌、膀胱癌、肿瘤坏死因子信号通路、癌症中的蛋白聚糖等147条信号通路.二至丸可以通过抑制体内炎症发生，改善毛囊细胞氧化应激反应，调节脂质和滋补肝肾、促进头皮局部血管新生等机制治疗脂溢性脱发，体现出了二至丸在治疗脂溢性脱发上的多成分、多靶点，多通路的药效特点.

为研究贮存方式对烟叶常规化学成分和香味物质的影响，以湖南永州BFS和CFS烟叶(品种为云烟87)为原料，采用主成分分析法分别分析了不同醇化时间(3、9、12、15、18个月)、不同贮存库(机械库、自然库、保湿库)中烟叶的常规化学成分和重要挥发性香味物质的含量.结果表明：(1)在醇化过程中，不同贮存库中的2种烟叶的还原糖、总糖的含量均呈下降趋势，且总糖的含量降幅最大；(2)在醇化过程中，不同贮存库中的2种烟叶的挥发性香味成分总量、新植二烯含量均逐渐增加，醇化18个月后，保湿库中的湖南永州BFS烟叶和机械库中的湖南永州CFS烟叶的挥发性香味成分总量、新植二烯含量最高；(3)主成分分析表明，醇化18个月之后，除了自然库和保湿库的湖南永州BFS烟叶挥发性香味物质的主成分差异较小，不同贮存库间烟叶的挥发性香味物质的主成分都有明显的差异.综上分析，湖南永州BFS烟叶更适合在保湿库中醇化，湖南永州CFS烟叶更适合在机械库中醇化.

使用硫酸镍、硝酸亚铁、次亚磷酸钠和柠檬酸钠在泡沫镍为载体的基底上，采用电沉积方法制备出Ni-Fe磷化物电催化剂，通过SEM测试表征催化剂的结构及形貌，使用EDS能谱仪对样品表面的元素分布，并通过电化学测试催化剂的析氧和析氢及催化活性等参数.结果表明：在10 mA/cm~2电流密度下，Ni-Fe磷化物过电位为232 mV,在-10 mA/cm~2电流密度下过电位为162 mV;Ni-Fe磷化物的催化活性面积(Cdl)为30.7 mF/cm~2,相较于Ni磷化物和Fe磷化物的过电位及活性催化面积均有所提升.

选择我国不同地区红薯、山药、葛根、紫薯4种薯类食品作为研究对象，对食品多指标测定与综合评价.从燃烧热、燃烧稳定性、脂肪、灰分、粗纤维含量方面评价食品营养.测定4种食品燃烧热、燃烧稳定性、脂肪、灰分及粗纤维含量，并从食品营养方面用化学计量方法进行质量评价与分类.结果表明，4种薯类食品燃烧热大小顺序为：葛根>红薯>山药>紫薯，燃烧稳定性排序为：山药>葛根>紫薯>红薯，脂肪含量顺序为：葛根>紫薯>红薯>山药，灰分含量顺序为：葛根>山药>红薯>紫薯，粗纤维含量顺序为：紫薯>山药>葛根>红薯，多指标化学计量分析顺序为：山药>葛根>紫薯>红薯.这项研究为热重分析方法研究食品燃烧稳定性评价与研究提供理论支持，这项研究建立的多指标综合评价体系为食品营养评价提供一种新思路，这项研究为大规模开发食品资源以及食品分类研究提供有力地科学依据.

为研究在电力社会耦合网络中电力社交用户受到虚假信息影响的后耦合网络的鲁棒性变化，基于用户自身的影响力以及虚假信息影响力，考虑虚假信息免疫节点，改进了信息传播的独立级联传播模型，将网络中受影响节点与耦合网络鲁棒性计算的渗流模型相结合，并在此基础上拓展了1种电力社会耦合网络鲁棒性评估指标.通过仿真实验模拟发现改进的独立级联模型传播模型避免了影响的随机性，影响结果合理，耦合网络鲁棒性计算的理论值与实际验证值相符，电力社会耦合网络鲁棒性评估指标结论与耦合网络鲁棒性变化情况符合，结果表明，社交网络中初始影响节点比例对耦合网络的鲁棒性具有一定影响，且电力-Facebook耦合网络的鲁棒性优于电力-Last FM耦合网络.

针对海底混响中的乘性斑点噪声使侧扫声呐图像中的目标无法准确识别的问题，提出了1种利用同步码字优化字典学习法与相关正则化相结合的降噪方法.该方法利用侧扫声呐图像(side-scan sonar image, SSI)的稀疏性，同时更新任意一组码字和相应的稀疏系数，即同步码字优化(simultaneous codeword optimization, SimCO),得到合适的字典；并将乘性噪声对数变换成加性噪声，利用斑点噪声的伽马分布特性，构造出相应对数似然函数；最后利用正则化减少过拟合化特性，采用最大似然估计(maximum likelihood estimation, MLE)法估计出待恢复图像，实现声呐图像降噪.仿真结果表明，该方法降噪后图像可保持好的边缘信息，并且能有效降低降噪前后图像的平均绝对误差(mean absolute-deviation error, MAE),与传统MOD与K-SVD降噪法相比，等效视数(equivalent number of looks, ENL)可以提高40.17%,MAE值可以降低23.43%,降噪后声呐图像视觉效果有明显提升.

根据工程教育专业认证对人才能力培养的要求，分析民族院校学情实际，以大数据类专业为例，制定以学生为中心以产出为导向的教学模式，并在实践中进行创新，以达到提高学生学习兴趣，提升综合能力的目的.