The extraction process of active substances from Cubilose was studied by ultrasound-assisted aqueous enzymatic method， and the antioxidant activity and component analysis of the extract were evaluated. Taking Indonesia rough processed Cubilose as the research object， the samples were prepared by crushing treatment. Based on single factor experimental screening， the central composite design（CCD） experiment was carried out， and the clearance rate of ABTS free radicals was used as the response value for response surface optimization. The experimental results showed that the optimal extraction process for antioxidant substances in Cubilose is alkaline protease 5.36%， enzymatic hydrolysis time 2.5 hours， enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 55 ℃， a solid-liquid ratio of 1：39.51， ultrasonic time 25 minutes， and ultrasonic power 180 W. The experimental prediction showed that the optimal clearance rate is 89.708 4%. The clearance rate of the experimental results was close to the expected value， reaching 89.70%， with almost no difference between them. Further analysis of the total extract of Cubilose with added gastric protease and alkaline protease by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） and secondary mass spectrometry（LC-MS-MS-MS） showed that alkaline protease had the most extractable components and the strongest antioxidant capacity. This study indicated that the introduction of ultrasound technology has a promoting effect on the extraction of antioxidant substances from Cubilose by using water enzyme method. The excellent extraction effect of alkaline protease can provide new ideas for improving the edible effect of Cubilose and a certain theoretical guide for the further development and utilization of Cubilose.