Antioxidant 264, which is used in various plastics and rubbers, poses a risk of dust explosion during production and processing. In order to reduce the occurrence of antioxidant 264 dust explosion accident, the minimum ignition temperature experiment device and synchronous thermal analyzer were used to study the distribution characteristics of the minimum ignition temperature (MITC) and dynamic analysis respectively. The results show that as the dust dispersion pressure increases, the MITC first decreases and then slowly rises, with the minimum MITC occurring at a dispersion pressure of 50 kPa. As the mass concentration of the dust cloud increases, the MITC first rapidly decreases and then slowly increases, with a sensitive concentration existing. For antioxidant 264 particles with a size of 54~75 μm, the sensitive concentration of MITC is 889 g/m³. The larger the dust particle size, the higher the MITC, and the sensitive concentration shifts to the left and decreases. The orthogonal experiment analysis shows that dust particle size has the greatest impact on MITC. The Coats-Redfern method was used to calculate the activation energy of dust particles with sizes of 54~75, 75~111, 111~150 μm, which were found to be 271.085, 333.098, 385.343 kJ/mol, respectively. The dust with a particle size of 54~75 μm has the lowest activation energy and is the most flammable. The research findings provide data support for the industrial prevention of antioxidant 264 dust explosion accidents.